"乐死":庄子的死亡观念
The Death of Pleasure:Zhuang Zi's Concept of Death
闫伟1
作者信息
- 1. 铜陵学院 马克思主义学院,安徽 铜陵 244000
- 折叠
摘要
对待死亡,老庄皆具"重死"之情,两者区别在于老子注重"哀死",而庄子则更倾向于"乐死".庄子"乐死"并非"以死为乐",而是其死亡超越理念的另类表达.具体而言,庄子以"死生自然"将生死置于宇宙大化之中,依本根之"道"的永恒性寻求终极意义上的生死解脱;"生劳死息"在于通过生死存在状态的对比强调生之悲苦与死之逸乐,实质上是庄子刻意抹平生死在世俗情感层面上的鸿沟,以此克服悦生恶死之情;庄子的"以死为归"异于儒家所谓"视死如归",其主旨是"生寄死归",即生为暂寄形于天地,死为回归生命之本根.庄子"乐死"具有"不近人情"之弊,但绝非厌世思想,实为一种旷达、超然的死亡观念.
Abstract
Regarding death,both Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi have the sentiment of"attaching great importance to death".The difference between Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi is that Lao Zi pays attention to"mourning death",while Zhuang Zi is more inclined to"the death of pleasure".Zhuang Zi's concept of"death of pleasure"is not the idea that"the death is pleasure",but an alternative expression of his idea about the transcending of death.Specifically,Zhuang Zi puts life and death of human in the process of transformation of universe by the concept that"life and death is nature",and seeks the ultimate liberation of life and death according to the eternal nature of the fundamen-tal"Tao".In fact,Zhuang Zi purposely smoothed the gap between life and death on the level of worldly emotion,so as to overcome the emotion of life pleasure and death evil by the idea that"life is tired and death is relax",that is the comparison of condition of existence of life and death.Zhuang Zi's idea about thinking"the death is one of return"is different from the so-called"looking death calmly in the face"in Confucianism.Its main idea about the concept of thinking the death is one of return is that"life is temporarily consigned to heaven and earth,and death is the root of return to life".Zhuang Zi's concept that"death of pleasure"has the disadvantage of"the difficulty of understanding and acceptance of ordinary person",that is to say it's a thought of open and clear about death in-stead of the concept of"being world-weary".
关键词
庄子/生死观/自然/生劳死息/以死为归Key words
Zhuang Zi/the concept of life and death/nature/the idea that life is tired and death is relax/the concept of thinking the death is one of return引用本文复制引用
基金项目
安徽省高校人文社会科学研究项目(2022AH050002)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据