Poor vision and its influencing factors among children and adolescents in Yaan in 2022
Objective To understand the baseline level and epidemiological characteristics of visual impairment among children and adolescents in Yaan,analyze the related factors of visual impairment,master the key groups for prevention and control of Myopia,and fine-delineate the prevention and control priorities at different stages.Methods From October to December 2022,18 721 students of all grades from kindergarten to Senior 3 were selected by using a stratified cluster random sampling method.Visual screening tests and questionnaire survey on visual related factors were conducted.Chi-square tests and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were conducted by using SPSS 21.0 software,and P＜0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results The overall prevalence of myopia was 52.27％among children and adolescents in Ya'an,accounting for 81.42％of the total types of poor vision.The prevalence rate of myopia in female students was higher than that of male students(55.73％vs.48.83％,x2=89.117,P＜0.001).The prevalence rates of myopia were 12.65％,37.60％,75.20％and 79.40％n preschool classes,primary schools,junior middle schools and senior middle schools,respectively(x2=3 700.394,P＜0.001),and the prevalence rate of myopia increased with the increase of grades(x2trend=110.243,P＜0.001).The prevalence rate of myopia rapidly increased in primary school,from grade 1(9.60％)to grade 6(66.91％),with an average increase of 11.46％for each grade.From ninth grade to the third grade of senior high school,the prevalence rate of myopia tended to be stable at 79.50±0.87％.The degree of myopia was mainly mild in pre-school classes and primary schools,mild(32.50％)and moderate(30.87％)in junior middle schools,and moderate(30.87％)in senior middle schools;the proportion of moderate and severe myopia increased with the increase of school stage(x2trend=613.465,P＜0.001).The proportion of severe myopia increased to 11.81％in junior middle school stage and 18.26％in senior middle school stage.In the first year of high school(around 16 years),the prevalence rate of myopia tend to stabilize.47.68％of the myopic students did not wear glasses,and this rate in boys was higher than that in girls(51.19％vs.48.81％,x2=65.670,P＜0.001).Logistic regression analysis showed that gender(males),height adjustment of desks and chairs,doing eye exercises twice a day in school,the distance between eyes and TV screen is often or always more than 3 m when watching TV,taking a rest for less than 0.5 hours when using eyes at close range,the duration of outdoor activities ≥3 hours every day in the past week,the average sleep time ≥8 hours every day,and having done ≥1 visual examination in the past year were the protection factors of myopia.In the past week,the average homework time ≥3 hours every day after school,the age of 6 years and after starting extra-curricular classes,lying down or lying down reading or electronic screen,walking or car reading or electronic screen,one or both parents myopia were the risk factors of myopia.Conclusions In Yaan City,the phenomenon of myopia in younger age is obvious.The prevalence of myopia in preschool and primary schools is high,and the growth rate is fast,which is the key stage of prevention.The degree of myopia in junior high school and senior high school progresses rapidly.The occurrence of myopia is closely related to genetic and environmental factors.Prevention and control work should be implemented scientifically according to the Implementation Plan for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Myopia in Children and Adolescents.
万方数据
维普
