Hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)is a self-limiting infectious disease in children,a few of which progress rapidly leading to severe illness or even death,and has caused numerous outbreaks or epidemics around the globe.This paper describes the characteristics of the virological and immunological response to HFMD virus infection and provides an overview of recent advances in diagnostic methods,including virological,serological and molecular biological approaches to HFMD.This paper contributes to a systematic and in-depth understanding of the characteristics of the response to HFMD virus infection,as well as the selection of diagnostic methods for HFMD in different scenarios and the sampling conditions for different diagnostic methods,with a view to providing a reference for the prevention and control of HFMD.
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