Investigation and follow-up management of occupational pneumoconiosis patients in Sichuan Province from 1949 to 2022
Objective To master the base number and distribution characteristics of occupational pneumoconiosis patients in Sichuan Province,to analyze the incidence characteristics and change trend of occupational pneumoconiosis patients in Sichuan Province,and to understand the health status and safeguard status of pneumoconiosis patients.Methods All occupational pneumoconiosis patients reported in Sichuan Province by the end of 2019 were investigated as cases for a retrospective investigation.Follow-up management of surviving cases were conducted from 2020 to 2022.By contacting relevant functional departments,occupational disease prevention and control institutions,and inquiring relevant information at the location of pneumoconiosis patients,telephone or on-site follow-up was conducted among pneumoconiosis patients to collect their relevant information.A descriptive statistical analysis of gender,age,length of service,pneumoconiosis type and safeguard of pneumoconiosis patients was performed by SPSS 21.0 software.Results There were 66 578 occupational pneumoconiosis cases diagnosed in Sichuan Province from 1949 to 2019 were investigated.The male to female sex ratio was 220.93∶1.There were 42 384(63.65％)cases of stage Ⅰpneumoconiosis,17 506(26.29％)cases of stage Ⅱ pneumoconiosis and 5 481(8.23％)cases of stage Ⅲ pneumoconiosis.After follow-up,44 305(66.55％)cases of occupational pneumoconiosis survived,18 280(27.46％)cases died and 3 993(6.00％)cases were lost to follow-up.Silicosis and coal pneumoconiosis were the main diseases among the surviving patients,with an average age of 63.00±10.88 years and an average dust exposure length of 13.82±10.90 years.There were 23 333(52.66％)cases covered by work-related injury insurance,6 221(14.4％)cases of compensation paid by employers,42 891(96.81％)cases of basic medical insurance,26 358(59.49％)cases of serious illness and medical insurance,and 4 649(10.49％)cases of other benefits(medical assistance and poverty alleviation assistance,etc.).A total of 2 587 cases of 44 305 surviving cases died in 2020-2022.The top three causes of death were pneumoconiosis caused by silicon-containing dust in 371(14.2％)cases,coal pneumoconiosis in 167(6.4％)cases and unspecified pneumoconiosis in 158(6.1％)cases.Among the surviving patients,5 251 reported pneumoconiosis comorbidities as of December 2022.Among them,3 203(7.7％)had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),2012(4.8％)had pulmonary and bronchial infections,632(1.5％)had pulmonary tuberculosis,515(1.2％)had cor pulmonale,and 1084(2.6％)had two or more comorbidities.Conclusions The prevention and control of pneumoconiosis in Sichuan Province focus on silicosis and coal workers'pneumoconiosis.The supervision of dust seriously harmful industries and regions should be strengthened,feasible pneumoconiosis prevention and control strategies should be formulated,and safeguard measures of pneumoconiosis patients should be strengthened.
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