Monitoring results of iodine nutrition of pregnant women in Shifang City from 2017 to 2022
Objective To understand the iodine nutrition status of pregnant women in Shifang,so as to provide scientific basis for the adjustment of prevention and control policies for iodine deficiency disorders in pregnant women.Methods According to the"Iodine deficiency surveillance program of Sichuan province(revised in 2013)"and"Iodine deficiency surveillance program of key population of Sichuan province",one town(district)was randomly selected from each of five areas in Shifang(i.e.,east,west,south,north and central)as the monitoring sites.Then,20 pregnant women were randomly selected from each monitoring site every year,except in 2017(10 pregnant women).The edible salt sample and one random urine sample were collected to detect the iodine content.The consumption rate of qualified iodized salt and the urinary iodine level of pregnant women in different years,age groups and pregnancy periods were compared.The Rank sum test was used to compare the levels of salt iodine and urine iodine,Chi-square test was used to compare the rates,and the correlation between urinary iodine and salt iodine was analyzed by Spearman's rank correlation analysis.The test stamdard was α=0.05.Results From 2017 to 2022,553 salt samples from pregnant women's homes were monitored;the median of salt iodine was 26.55 mg/kg,the coverage rate of iodized salt was 99.28％,the qualified rate of iodized salt was 92.90％,the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 92.22％.There were statistically significant differences in salt iodine content,the qualified rate of iodized salt and consumption rate of qualified iodized salt in different years(H=20.989,x2=17.701,x2=20.831,all P＜0.05).However,no statistically significance in iodized salt coverage in different years was observed(x2=4.326,P=0.504).From 2017 to 2022,553 urine samples of pregnant women were collected,and the median of urinary iodine was 139.70 μg/L.The differences in urinary iodine level of pregnant women in different years were statistically significant(H=26.866,x2=20.482,all P＜0.05).There was no correlation between the salt iodine content of pregnant women's homes and the urinary iodine content of pregnant women(r=-0.002,P=0.959).Conclusions The iodine nutrition of pregnant women is generally insufficient in Shifang.It is suggested to strengthen the publicity and education of iodine deficiency disorders prevention and control,to promote the special iodized salt for pregnant women,to strengthen the monitoring of iodine nutrition in pregnant women,and to guide the pregnant women to supplement iodine scientifically.
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