Study on chronic non-communicable disease burden and influencing factors in Dechang County,Liangshan Prefecture
Objective To understand the prevalence and burden of chronic communicable and non-communicable diseases(NCDs)among permanent residents in Liangshan Prefecture.Also to provide reference for chronic disease control and prevention.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among residents of 10 townships and two streets in Dechang County,Liangshan Prefecture from June April 2023.Combined with the death information of the population reported in Dechang County in 2022 from the Death Information Registration and Management System of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,the local death and life loss caused by chronic communicable and non-communicable diseases,the prevalence of 4 types of chronic diseases and related factors,and behavioral cognition of the enrolled population were investigated.Excel 2007 and SPSS 27.0 software were used to describe the burden of diseases with indicators such as YLL(years of life lost),self-reported illness status and medical expenses in the latest year.The counting data were statistically described in the form of rate and the measurement data in the form of mean±standard deviation or median and interquartile spacing.Results In 2022,the total monitored mortality rate of the whole population in Dechang County was 537.41/105.The mortality rate of the population with chronic non communicable diseases was 404.32/105,and the mortality rate of the population with chronic communicable diseases was 229/105.The underlying cause of death of NCDs accounted for 72.49％of the total number of deaths,and the mortality rate caused by it was 404.32/105,resulting in a cumulative YLL of 12 119.52 person-years.Among them,cardiovascular diseases had the highest YLL rate(3 043.25/105),followed by malignant tumors(1616.00/105),chronic respiratory diseases(860.06/105)and diabetes mellitus(42.80/105).Among the 6 435 field respondents,34.10％were hospitalized for NCDs in the past year,and the median medical expenses of people self-reported with chronic diseases were 7 000 yuan,which was higher than that of other groups(P＜0.05).The self-reported prevalence of chronic diseases was higher in male,Han,senior age group,low education group and urban population(P＜0.05).Among the respondents,31.13％were overweight(2 003/6 435)and 11.76％were obese(757/6 435)in terms of BMI(body mass index).Current smokers accounted for 33.66％(2 166/6 435),and another 16.44％(1 063/6435)said that they often passively inhaled second-hand smoke.There were 14.22％(915/6 435)respondents drank alcohol one or two times a week,and 6.31％(405/6 435)drank more than three times a week.The smoking and drinking rate of men was much higher than those of women.The prevalence rates of smokers and people with higher BMI were higher than those of other groups(all P＜0.05).47.04％of the respondents exercised less than once a week,and most of them had 6 000 to 10 000 daily exercise equivalent steps(47.11％).17.82％of the respondents sat for 4 to 8 hours a day,or even more than 8 hours(7.15％).Still,8.11％of the respondents consumed more than 50 g of edible oil per day,and 42.97％of the respondents consumed 6-10g of salt per day,or even more than 10g(8.75％).Conclusions Chronic diseases,especially NCDs now pose a serious health threat to the residents of Liangshan Prefecture,resulting in a heavy disease burden,and there are still common health risk factors and behaviors in the local population.Prevention and control of chronic noncommunicable diseases in local regions should be emphasized,multi-sectoral collaboration should be strengthened,and various forms of health education and behavioral intervention should be carried out.
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