Analysis of the monitoring results of tea-drinking endemic fluorosis in Aba Prefecture from 2020 to 2022
Objective To understand the prevalence of tea-drinking endemic fluorosis in Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture(hereinafter referred to as"Aba Prefecture"),to dynamically evaluate the epidemic trend of tea-drinking endemic fluorosis in the affected areas,to timely grasp the popularization of qualified brick tea in the residents of the affected areas,and to provide scientific basis for taking targeted intervention measures.Methods From 2020 to 2022,one endemic township/town was randomly selected from the 11 tea-drinking endemic fluorosis areas in Aba Prefecture according to the 5 directions of east,west,south,north and middle,and one endemic village was randomly selected from the selected townships/towns as the monitoring point to investigate the fluorine content of drinking water and household drinking of brick tea.Dental fluorosis in children aged 8-12 years and skeletal fluorosis in adults aged 25 years and over were examined.The obtained data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 27.0 software.The rates were compared by Chi-square test,and the test level was α=0.05.Results No excessive fluorine content was found in water in the 11 counties.The main varieties of brick tea were Fu brick(28.06％)and Kang Brick(24.85％),followed by Ma tea(22.31％)and other(20.44％).A total of 1497 samples of brick tea were collected,and the median fluorine content was 582.27 mg/kg(P25 and P75 were 777.25 mg/kg and 981.00 mg/kg,respectively).There were 140 samples with qualified fluorine content,and the qualified rate was 9.35％.The average daily intake of tea fluoride in resident population was 2.40mg.The detection rate of dental fluorosis in children aged 8-12 years ranged from 4.51％to 5.71％,and the average detection rate was 5.08％.The detection rates of skeletal fluorosis in adults in 2021 and 2022 were 19.80％and 22.50％,respectively.Conclusions The fluorine content of brick tea in the 11 tea-drinking endemic fluorosis areas of Aba Prefecture exceeded the standard.The disease showed the characteristics of low detection rate of dental fluorosis in children and high detection rate of skeletal fluorosis in adults.Tea-drinking endemic fluorosis was prevalent in Aba Prefecture.It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of tea-drinking endemic fluorosis in Aba Prefecture,establish and improve the production and supply mechanism of low fluoride bricktea,and strengthen health education,to effectively control the harm of tea-drinking endemic fluorosis.
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