Epidemiological investigation and analysis of occupational pneumoconiosis in Urumuqi Municipality from 2019 to 2023
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of occupational pneumoconiosis(OP)in Wulumuqi from 2019 to 2023,to provide reference for optimizing OP prevention and control strategies according to local conditions.Methods New diagnosed OP case data in Urumqi from January 1,2019 to December 31,2023 in the"Occupational Disease and Occupational Health Information Monitoring System"and"Pneumoconiosis Case Report Card"(Health Statistics Table 33-1)of the"China Disease Prevention and Control Information System"were accumulated and conduct follow-up.The survey results were summarized in an Excel 2018 spreadsheet,and descriptive statistical methods were used to analyze the distribution of disease types,stages,ages,dust exposure years,root causes of death in OP,and the distribution of surviving OP by enterprise category.Statistical analysis was conducted by using SPSS 25.0,counting data was described by using frequency(％),and chi square tests were used to compare differences in disease type,stage age,and dust exposure experience.Inspection level alpha α=0.05.Results The 506 OP patients were followed up,covering 7 disease types,with coal worker pneumoconiosis(425 cases,accounting for 83.99％)and silicosis(76 cases,accounting for 15.02％)as the main types;And mainly in phase Ⅰ(422 cases,accounting for 83.40％).Among 506 OP patients,44 died,with a mortality rate of 8.70％.The mortality rate of silicosis(21.05％)was higher than that of coal worker pneumoconiosis(x2=16.837,P＜0.001).The mortality rate in phase Ⅲ was higher than that in phase Ⅰ(x2=23.241,P＜0.001),phase Ⅱ(x2=5.086,P=0.024).The difference in mortality rate among different ages was statistically significant(x2=33.521,P＜0.001),and the age was concentrated in"≥ 60years old and＜70 years old".There was a statistically significant difference in mortality rates among workers of different dust exposure years(x2=82.009,P＜0.001),and the dust exposure experience was concentrated in"≥10 years and＜20 years".Among the mortality cases of OP,10 cases(22.73％)had unknown causes of mortality,9 cases(20.45％)had underlying causes of pneumoconiosis,and 6 cases(13.64％)had underlying causes of mortality from other diseases or accidents.The fundamental causes of mortality that ranked first in different stages were:unknown cause of mortality in phase Ⅰ,pneumoconiosis in phase Ⅱ,and pneumoconiosis in phase Ⅲ.462 surviving OP cases were concentrated in the mining industry(404 cases,accounting for 87.45％),private enterprises(355 cases,accounting for 76.84％),and small and micro enterprises(368 cases,accounting for 79.65％).Conclusions The main types of OP cases in Urumqi from 2019 to 2023 are coal worker pneumoconiosis and silicosis,with a relatively large proportion in phase Ⅰ,there are differences in mortality rates among different stages,ages,and years of dust exposure,the fundamental causes of mortality for OP in different stages are different.
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