Epidemiological characteristics and trends analysis of syphilis cases in Neijiang City from 2014 to 2023
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics and change trend of syphilis in Neijiang City from 2014 to 2023,and to find out the key points of prevention and control and formulate effective prevention and control measures.Methods Syphilis cases reported from 2014 to 2023 were derived from the Chinese Information System for Disease Control and Prevention and analyzed by SPSS 23.0 software.Statistical data were described by relative number and proportion(％),x2 test was used for comparison between groups,and trend analysis was performed by trend-x2 test,the test level α=0.05.Results A total of 9 370 cases of syphilis were reported in Neijiang City from 2014 to 2023,and the reported incidence showed an increasing trend(x2trend=704.64,P＜0.001),with an average annual growth rate of 10.81％.In the composition of syphilis cases,cryptic syphilis was dominant,accounting for 86.58％,and the incidence showed an increasing trend(x2trend=994.58,P＜0.001).The incidence of stage I and stage Ⅱ syphilis(early syphilis)decreased from 4.10/105 in 2014 to 2.21/105 in 2023(x2trend=35.11,P＜0.001),an annual decrease of 6.64％.The incidence was the highest in Weiyuan county,with a significant upward trend(x2trend=593.49,P＜0.001).The incidence rate in males(29.39/105)was higher than that in females(25.47/105)(x2=49.79,P＜0.001).The age group with the highest reported incidence was 65 years and above,reaching 45.65/105 and showing an increasing trend(x2trend=194.57,P＜0.001).The main occupation was farmers,accounting for 59.41％of the total cases.Conclusions From 2014 to 2023,the incidence of early syphilis in Neijiang City showed a downward trend,but the reported recessive syphilis continued to increase.The syphilis epidemic in the elderly population in rural areas needs to be paid close attention to,and more targeted intervention measures should be formulated according to the epidemic characteristics to control the epidemic of syphilis.
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