Epidemiological characteristics of rotavirus diarrhea and vaccine effectiveness of rotavirus vaccine in Zhongshan City from 2018 to 2023
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rotavirus diarrhea in Zhongshan City and to evaluate the vaccine effectiveness(VE)of rotavirus vaccine in children.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze incidence data of rotavirus diarrhea in Zhongshan City from 2018 to 2023.A case-control study was conducted to evaluate the VE of rotavirus vaccine on children aged 3 to 35 months.The data of rotavirus vaccination were analyzed by Logistic regression to obtain the odds ratio and calculate the protective effect of the vaccine.The test level α=0.05.Results A total of 9810 rotavirus diarrhea cases were reported in Zhongshan City from 2018 to 2023,and no death case was reported.The average annual incidence was 42.1/105,ranging from 16.5/105to 103.6/105.The main population of rotavirus diarrhea was children aged 0 to 2 years(72.2％).January to March was the peak period of incidence.VE of Oral live rotavirus vaccine was 32％(95％CI:8％-50％)and 51％(95％CI:2％-75％)in children aged 3 to 35 months with one dose and two doses vaccinated,respectively.VE of Pentavalent oral live attenuated reassortant rotavirus vaccine was 18％(95％CI:-83％-63％)、30％(95％CI:-28％-62％)and 43％(95％CI:22％-58％)in children aged 3 to 35 months with one dose,two doses and three doses vaccinated,respectively.Conclusions The incidence of rotavirus diarrhea in Zhongshan was at a high level from 2018 to 2023.The main population of rotavirus diarrhea is children aged 0 to 2 years.Rotavirus vaccines are effective in preventing rotavirus diarrhoea in children.Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken,and vaccination of rotavirus vaccine in children should be actively promoted.
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