Pathogen surveillance characteristics of HFMD in Nanning from 2018 to 2022
Objective To analyze the etiological composition and characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)in Nanning from 2018 to 2022,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of hand,foot and mouth disease.The Chi-suare test was used for ratio comparison,with the test level α=0.05.Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was carried out on the results of etiological surveillance of hand,foot and mouth disease in Nanning from 2018 to 2022.Results From 2018 to 2022,a total of 5 285 cases of HFMD were detected in Nanning province.Total 4 516 cases were positive by PCR,with a total positive rate of 85.45％,the difference of positive rate in different years was statistically significant(x2=57.84,P＜0.001).The constituent ratio of CV A6 and EV A71 was the highest(47.54％)and the lowest(0.58％),respectively,the difference of component ratio of pathogens was statistically significant(P＜0.001),the distribution of HFMD was obviously seasonal,and the peak of the disease occurred in April to July and September to November.The difference of positive rate of pathogens in different months was statistically significant(x2=519.432,P＜0.001).There were cases of HFMD in every county(city and district).The predominant strain was CVA6 strain,and CVA16 and other enterovirus strains were alternately prevalent,there was a significant difference in the constituent ratio of the dominant epidemic strains(x2=280.731,P＜0.001),The positive rate of the population in children under 3 years old was high 82.71％,in mild cases,the predominant strains were CV A6 and CV A16,while in severe cases,the predominant strains were other enteroviruses,CV A6 and CV A16.The difference in the positive rate between different strains in mild and severe infection was statistically significant(x2=149.58,P＜0.001).Conclusions From 2018 to 2022,the predominant enterovirus strains of HFMD in Nanning have been changing continuously.The main prevalent strain is CV A6,and CV A16,CV A10 and other enterovirus strains are alternately prevalent,showing obvious seasonal and regional distribution,all counties(cities and districts)should take appropriate measures to prevent and control HFMD according to the changing regularity and characteristics of the pathogen,and carry out scientific prevention and control work of hand,foot-mouth disease.
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