摘要
目的 探讨老年慢性病共病患者抑郁现状及影响因素,为制定针对性的抑郁防控措施提供参考依据.方法 基于2020年中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据,收集年龄≥60岁且慢性病患病数量≥2种的老年人基本特征、慢性病共病情况、抑郁、日常生活活动能力(ADL)和工具性日常生活活动能力(IADL)、社交活动等资料,采用x2检验分析老年慢性病共病患者的抑郁状况,采用二分类logistic回归分析患者抑郁的影响因素.结果 共纳入老年慢性病共病患者5 382人,存在抑郁症状者2 509人,占46.6％(2 509/5 382).老年慢性病共病患者抑郁的影响因素为性别(女OR=1.489,95％CI:1.282～1.731)、居住地(城镇OR=0.688,95％CI:0.593～0.799)、养老保险类别(政府机关/事业单位养老保险OR=0.562,95％CI:0.371～0.851)、医疗保险类别(城镇职工医保/公费医疗OR=0.644,95％CI:0.429～0.968)、是否有配偶/伴侣共同生活(没有OR=1.35,95％CI:1.152～1.582)、对子女满意度(满意OR=0.254,95％CI:0.187～0.345)、夜间睡眠时长(＜6 h OR=2.077,95％CI:1.758～2.453)、ADL(未受损 OR=0.519,95％CI:0.45～0.597)、IADL(未受损OR=0.462,95％CI:0.401～0.532)、慢性病数量(2 种 OR=0.599,95％CI:0.518～0.692;3种OR=0.723,95％CI:0.621～0.842),P＜0.05.结论 老年慢性病共病患者抑郁发生率较高,女性、没有配偶/伴侣共同生活、夜间睡眠时长＜6 h是抑郁的危险因素.居住地为城镇、ADL和IADL未受损、对子女满意、患慢性病数量较少、有政府机关/事业单位养老保险、有城镇职工医保/公费医疗医保是抑郁的保护因素.
Abstract
Objective To explore the current status and influencing factors of depression in elderly multiple chronic dis-ease patients,so as to provide the reference for development of targeted depression prevention and control measures.Methods Based on the data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)in 2020,data on the basic characteristics,comorbidities,depression,activities of daily living(ADL)and instrumental activities of daily living(IADL),social activities of elderly people aged≥60 years with≥2 chronic diseases were collceted.x2 test was used to analyze the depression status of elderly patients with comorbidities of chronic diseases,and binary logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of depression in elderly patients with comorbidities of chronic diseases.Results A total of 5 382 elderly multiple chronic disease patients were included,of whom 2 509 had depressive symptoms,account-ing for 46.6％(2 509/5 382).The influencing factors of depression status in elderly multiple chronic disease patients were gender(female OR=1.489,95％CI:1.282-1.731),place of residence(urban OR=0.688,95％CI:0.593-0.799),type of pension insurance(government agency/public institution pension insurance OR=0.562,95％CI:0.371-0.851),type of medical insurance(urban employee medical insurance/public medical insurance OR=0.644,95％CI:0.429-0.968),whether there is a spouse/partner living together(no OR=1.35,95％CI:1.152-1.582),satisfaction with children(satis-faction OR=0.254,95％CI:0.187-0.345).Nighttime sleep duration(＜6 hours OR=2.077,95％CI:1.758-2.453),ADL(undamaged OR=0.519,95％CI:0.45-0.597),IADL(undamaged OR=0.462,95％CI:0.401-0.532),number of chronic diseases(2 types OR=0.599,95％CI:0.518-0.692;3 types OR=0.723,95％CI:0.621-0.842)(P＜0.05).Con-clusion The incidence of depression is higher in elderly multi-ple chronic disease patients.Women,lack of spouse/partner living together,and nighttime sleep duration＜6 hours are risk factors for depression.Those who reside in urban areas,have undamaged ADL and IADL,are satisfied with their children,have fewer chronic diseases,have government/public institution pension insurance,and have urban employee medical insur-ance/public medical insurance are protective factors for depression.
基金项目
山东省公共卫生体系建设研究课题项目(GWY202349)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据