Objective To investigate the impact of sleep status on depression and anxiety in elderly Chinese individuals,so as to provide a basis for the prevention of these conditions.Methods Health survey data were collected from Peking U-niversity's"China Elderly Health and Family Happiness Survey(CLHLS)"in 2011 and 2018.The depressive status of the elderly was assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-10(CES-D10),and anxiety status was e-valuated using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale-7(GAD-7).Covariance analysis was used to compare differences in depression and anxiety scores between groups with different variations in sleep duration or quality,and a multivariate lo-gistic regression model was used to analyze the influence of changes in sleep duration or quality on depression and anxiety among the elderly.Results A total of 1 387 elderly people aged ≥65 years were included,with a mean sleep duration of 7.46 hours,9.88％of participants reported poor sleep quality,and 30.21％suffered from sleep deprivation.After adjus-ting for gender,age,education level,marital status,insurance status,annual household income,smoking status,alcohol con-sumption,and exercise habits,the CES-D10 scores were higher in the poor and average sleep quality groups compared to the good sleep quality group(F=18.67).The group with less than 7 hours of sleep had higher CES-D10 scores than those with 7-9 hours(F=100.62).Groups with persistent poor sleep,deteriorating sleep,and improved sleep all had higher CES-D10 scores than those with consistently good sleep(F=9.47).Additionally,those with consistently insuffi-cient or reduced sleep duration had higher CES-D10 scores than those with consistently sufficient sleep(F=28.84).All these differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Adjusting for potential confounders,GAD-7 scores were higher in the poor sleep quality group than the good sleep quality group(F=11.75).Scores were also higher in those sleeping less than 7 hours compared to those sleeping 7-9 hours(F=19.46).Groups with persistent poor sleep or deteriorating sleep had higher scores than those with consistently good sleep(F=5.45).Those with consistently insufficient sleep had higher scores than those with consistently sufficient sleep(F=7.51).All these differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Individuals who experienced improvement in sleep quality had the lowest risk of depression and anxiety(de-pression OR=1.65,95％CI:1.17-2.33,P＜0.05;anxiety OR=1.92,95％CI:1.01-3.69,P＜0.05),while those with deterioration(depression OR=5.20,95％CI:3.90-6.93,P＜0.05;anxiety OR=2.80,95％CI:1.67-4.69,P＜0.05),and those with persistent poor sleep(depression OR=5.13,95％CI:3.74-7.05,P＜0.05;anxiety OR=4.07,95％CI:2.42-6.84,P＜0.05)had a significantly increased risk of depression and anxiety.Similarly,those with increased sleep du-ration had the lowest risk of depression and anxiety(depression OR=1.26,95％CI:0.91-1.75,P＜0.05;anxiety OR=1.36,95％CI:0.76-2.38,P＜0.05)and those with consistently insufficient sleep duration(depressionOR=2.46,95％CI:1.80-3.36,P＜0.05;anxiety OR=2.26,95％CI:1.42-3.60,P＜0.05)had a significantly increased risk of depres-sion and anxiety.Conclusion Short sleep duration and poor sleep quality are associated with an increased risk of depres-sion and anxiety among elderly individuals,while those with increased sleep duration and improved sleep quality have a lower risk of developing these conditions.
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