Comparison on continuous disinfection ability and cost of different disinfection methods on environmental surfaces
Objective To compare the continuous disinfection ability and cost of 4 disinfection methods on the surface,so as to provide an experimental basis for selecting disinfectants and determining disinfection frequencies in clinical environ-ments.Methods Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)was selected as the tester strain,and stainless steel plates were used to simulate the surface of a hospital object.The 75％alcohol wipes,double-chain quaternary ammo-nium salt medical sanitary wipes,500 mg/L chlorine disinfectant infiltration wipes,1 000 mg/L chlorine disinfectant infil-tration wipes were used to wipe and disinfect the stainless steel plate according to the standard wiping method.The test bacterial suspension was applied before disinfection and at various time points after disinfection(0 min,30 min,60 min,90 min,120 min,150 min,240 min),with sampling and culturing performed after 5 minutes of exposure.The total number of bacterial colonies and bacterial killing rate on the environmental surface of the 4 disinfection methods in different time periods was compared,and calculated the cost of four disinfectants.Results Compared with the pre-disinfection period,all 4 disinfectants showed a decrease in the number of colonies at all time points after disinfection(P＜0.01).Bacterial colonies began to be detected 90 min after disinfection using ethanol wipes,and the difference was statistically significant when compared with the immediate post-disinfection period(t was-3.6,P=0.02),and the number of bacterial colonies increased gradually at 150,180,and 240 min post-disinfection,and the difference was statistically significant when compared with 120 min post-disinfection(t was-13.2,-4.2,-8.2,P＜0.01);Bacterial colonies were detected at 120 min after disinfection for both double-chain quaternary ammonium salt and 500 mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant(t was-3.5,-4.4,P＜0.01),and the number of bacterial colonies gradually in-creased at 150,180,and 240 min after disinfection,and the difference was statistically significant when compared with that at 120 min after disinfection(double-chain quaternary ammonium salt group:t was-2.7,-7.9,-9.5,P＜0.01;500 mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant group:t was-3.2,-8.4,-9.8,P＜0.01).Bacterial colonies started to be detected in 1 000 mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant at 150 min after disinfection(t=-2.0,P=0.01),and the number of bacterial col-onies gradually increased at 180 and 240 min,and the difference was statistically significant when compared with that at 150 min after disinfection(t was-2.0,-9.4,P＜0.01).Immediately after disinfection and at 30,60,and 240 minutes,there was no statistically significant difference in disinfection rates among the four methods(P＞0.05).However,at 90 minutes,the disinfection rate of the ethanol wipes decreased significantly to 95.1％,while the other three methods main-tained 100.0％disinfection(xz=11.4,P=0.01).At 120 min after disinfection,the disinfection rate of 1 000 mg/L chlorine disinfectant group was still 100.0％,and the disinfection rate of the other 3 disinfection methods decreased(x2=9.4,P=0.02).At 150 min after disinfection,the disinfection rate of ethanol disinfectant group remained 100.0％,and the disinfection rate of other 3 disinfection methods decreased(x2=9.4,P=0.02);1 000 mg/L chlorine disinfectant group remained 100.0％for 150 min after disinfection.The disinfection rate of ethanol disinfectant group remained 100.0％for 150 min after disinfection.The disinfection rate of 1 000 mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant group was still 100.0％,and the disinfection rate of the other 3 disinfection methods decreased(x2=9.4,P=0.02).At 150 min after disinfection,the disinfection rate of ethanol wet wipes group and 500 mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant group de-creased to less than 90.0％(x2=8.3,P=0.04).At 180 min after disinfection,the disinfection rate of ethanol wet wipes group,double-chained quaternary ammonium wipes group,500 mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant group all decreased significantly,and the disinfection rate of 1 000 mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant group was still 98.5％(x2=9.4,P=0.03).At 240 min after disinfection,the disinfection rate of all 4 disinfectants decreased,and the difference was not statistically significant(x2=4.0,P=0.26).There was no statistically significant difference in the total cost of each dis-infection among the 4 disinfection methods(F=0.4,P=0.68).Conclusion All the 4 disinfection methods have good bactericidal effect on the surface of environmental objects,but considering the bactericidal continuity,stability,corrosion and other aspects,disposable double-chain quaternary ammonium salt disinfection wipes have a high cost-effectiveness.It is recommended that disinfection of frequently touched medical equipment or easily contaminated environmental surfaces be intensified.
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