Between the 17th and 19th centuries,Europeans began to explore acupuncture and moxibustion,fostering a dialogue between Chinese and Western medical systems and cultural beliefs.During this time,doctors of the Dutch East India Company and missionaries in China emerged as key figures in translating and disseminating knowledge about these practices back to Europe through their letters,reports,and translations.These documents constituted the primary sources of Western knowledge about acupuncture and moxibustion.As society evolved,along with disparities in civilizational strengths and other contributing factors,Western attitudes towards acupuncture and moxibustion shifted from initial wonder and admiration to skepticism and derision.Investigating the early Western perception of acupuncture and moxibustion,as well as the reasons behind the changing attitudes towards these practices,can offer valuable insights for promoting the global reach of modern Chinese medicine culture.
Dissemination of Transmission of Acupuncture and MoxibustionTranslation HistoryCultural Exchange Between the East and the West