Liver being called"general"has been a mainstream view of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM).However,during the development of TCM,liver was not the only organ endowed with the official position title of"general".Lung and gallbladder were also given the title of"general"in medical books such as Zhang Zhong Jing Wu Zang Lun(《张仲景五脏论》Treatise on Five Zang Organs by Zhang Zhongjing),Bei Ji Qian Jin Yao Fang(《备急千金要方》Important Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold Pieces for Emergency)and Hua Shi Zhong Zang Jing(《华氏中藏经》Central Treasury Classic by Hua Tuo).Therefore,it is necessary to analyze the reason why the theory of lung and gallbladder called"general"appeared in ancient times and the relationship between this theory and Visceral Manifestation of TCM from the perspective of metaphor in combination with the social and political background of the time when the three medical books mentioned above were written.The research results show that the phenomena about organs mapped by"general"as the original domain were expanded from liver to lung and gallbladder,and the final decline of the theory of lung and gallbladder being called"general"are closely related to the changes of the functions and status of"general"in different historical periods.The correspondence between the function and status of"general"in different periods and the function and anatomical location of lung and gallbladder in Visceral Manifestation of TCM is an important basis for the formation of the theory of lung and gallbladder called"general".The study indicates that metaphor plays an irreplaceable role in the construction and development of the Visceral Manifestation of TCM.
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