智能化地共享和复用地球观测应用实践所形成的知识,有序促进应用要素的高通量流动,是激活和释放地球观测系统效能的关键.地球观测知识枢纽EOKH(Earth Observation Knowledge Hub)将分散的应用要素有机耦合,形成专题知识集合的协同设计与吞吐能力,是地球观测成果治理与智能服务的研究前沿.针对地球观测组织GEO(Group on Earth Observations)发展GEO知识枢纽GKH(GEO Knowledge Hub)得到的启示,结合地球观测知识本体研究最新进展,系统解析了EOKH的内涵与特征,梳理了发展EOKH的技术需求与挑战,分析存在的关键问题及其应对策略.在此基础上,提出了 EOKH系统架构原型,结合地球观测知识包转移复用和知识推理两个EOKH典型应用场景进行了原理实现与概念验证.最后,就如何促进地球观测知识"人—机—物"要素的协同共生,提出了中国发展EOKH的相关认识与思考.探索"人在回路"的高通量知识协同生产与转移技术,以及"知识驱动"的成果复用技术,是提升地球观测隐性知识可解释性、促进EOKH服务质量与发展力的必要举措.
Earth observation knowledge hub:Implications,key technologies and perspectives
Intelligently sharing and reusing the knowledge developed by application practices are the keys to break through technical barriers and fully activate and release the effectiveness of Earth Observations(EO).The Earth Observation Knowledge Hub(EOKH),which is used to couple decentralized knowledge bases organically,is a research frontier for the governance and intelligent service of global EO applications.In the design of Group on Earth Observations(GEO),the GEO Knowledge Hub(GKH)is intended to provide authoritative,validated,and reproducible content for evidence-based reporting on policy commitments and decision-making.Thus,the GKH offers a platform for users to discover,learn about,and employ methods,analytical tools,and applications;it also provides opportunities for the GEO community to collaborate and provide mutual assistance related to GKH contents.However,important lessons,such as the sensitive issue of intellectual ethics and how to profit GKH from the recent technological advances in information technologies,have been learned during the implementations.In response to the problems and insights encountered by GEO in developing GKH,we systematically analyzed the connotation and characteristics of EOKH and sorted out the fundamental needs and challenges for the development of EOKH in China.First,we systematically analyzed the connotation and characteristics of EOKH.The study argues that EOKH is the intersection node of high-throughput trusted EO knowledge in knowledge-sharing networks.It has three typical features,i.e.,connectivity,high throughput,and lightweight computing.Its core mission is to identify and transfer valuable research in a timely manner and to promote high throughput of application packages.Second,we sorted out the fundamental needs and challenges for the development of EOKH in China.Considering the latest progress in the study of EO ontology,we also analyzed the possible key technical problems and gave strategies to cope with them.On this basis,the system architecture prototype of EOKH,which is drawn on the system design concept of representational state transfer,is proposed,and an ontology model of conceptual EO knowledge and a formalization model of process-oriented EO knowledge are established.The study argues that EOKH should be in an open collaborative environment where humans are in the loop.The key technologies are system metrics,knowledge transfer,knowledge reuse,and knowledge exploration and visualization.The transfer and reuse of knowledge packages can greatly enhance the ease of development and reuse of EO application practices.Ontology modeling helps formalize the intrinsic connection between the human-cyber-physical systems of EO application and enhances the interpretability of higher-order complex problems.EOKH transforms knowledge sharing from point to point at the element level to group collaborative at the system level,which not only reduces the cost of cross-industry and socially integrated EO applications but also avoids repetitive research inputs,helps break through technical barriers and cognitive obstacles,and releases the effectiveness of satellite digital economy services comprehensively.The study argues that connecting EO knowledge in the human-cyber-physical systems and exploring high-throughput knowledge coproduction and transfer technology in a"humans-in-the-loop"environment are necessary to enhance the interpretability of tacit EO knowledge and promote the competitiveness and activeness of EOKH.
remote sensingknowledge hubEarth Observationsontologiesknowledge packagesknowledge recusingcyber-physical-social systemshumans in the loop
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