云冈研究2022,Vol.2Issue(1) :14-20.DOI:10.19970/j.cnki.ISSN2096-9708.2022.01.003

北魏平城时代晋北区域的佛刹兴建

The Construction of Buddhist Temples in Northern Shanxi During the Pingcheng Era of the Northern Wei Dynasty

王惠君
云冈研究2022,Vol.2Issue(1) :14-20.DOI:10.19970/j.cnki.ISSN2096-9708.2022.01.003

北魏平城时代晋北区域的佛刹兴建

The Construction of Buddhist Temples in Northern Shanxi During the Pingcheng Era of the Northern Wei Dynasty

王惠君1
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作者信息

  • 1. 忻州师范学院历史系,山西 忻州 034000;天津师范大学历史文化学院,天津 300382
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摘要

北魏平城时代,晋北区域逐步形成以武州山和五台山为代表的佛教文化核心区.沙门昙曜在文成帝拓跋濬的支持下开凿云冈石窟,把"天子即佛陀"的理论宣教转化为"令如帝身"的实体建构,石窟佛像的造型变化,充分表明佛教在融合北魏多民族文化的过程中发挥了重要作用.孝文帝拓跋宏即位后,多次巡游平城以南的五台山,环绕灵鹫峰设置十二院,建造显通寺、清凉寺和佛光寺等一批闻名后世的寺院,有力推动了文殊信仰的传播.总体来看,云冈石窟和灵鹫峰十二院作为北魏皇室资助建造的国家佛教工程,规模宏大,布局严整,意在凸显北魏王朝的威严皇权和雄厚实力,反映出平城时代佛教建筑在国家权力介入下的基本特色.

Abstract

In the Pingcheng era of the Northern Wei Dynasty,the core area of Buddhist culture represented by Wuzhou moun-tain and Wutai Mountain was gradually formed in northern Shanxi.Samantha tanyao was once honored as the White Emperor.With the support of emperor Wencheng tuobajun,he dug Yungang Grottoes,from the theoretical preaching of"the son of heaven is the Buddha"to the entity construction of"order is like the emperor".The shape changes of the grotto Buddha statues reflect that Bud-dhism played an important role in the process of integrating the multi-ethnic culture of the Northern Wei Dynasty.After Emperor Xiaowen Tuoba Hong ascended the throne,he toured Wutai Mountain South of Pingcheng for many times,set up twelve temples around lingjiu peak,and built a number of famous temples such as Xiantong temple,Qingliang temple and Foguang temple,which effectively promoted the spread of Manjusri belief.In all,Yungang Grottoes and lingjiufeng 12th courtyard,as the National Buddhist project funded by the royal family of the Northern Wei Dynasty,have a large scale and strict layout,which is intended to highlight the majesty and strong strength of the Northern Wei Dynasty,and reflect the basic characteristics of Buddhist buildings under the in-tervention of state power in the Pingcheng Era.

关键词

北魏平城时代/晋北区域/佛刹兴建

Key words

Pingcheng era of Northern Wei dynasty/Northern Shanxi region/Buddha Temple Construction

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基金项目

忻州师范学院五台山文化研究协同创新中心项目(00000401)

出版年

2022
云冈研究
山西大同大学

云冈研究

ISSN:2096-9708
参考文献量26
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