摘要
佛教精舍传入中国早期,在名称、形制与布局上还未定型,在与本土文化、建筑形式及建筑材料互相影响、融合下,佛教精舍在建筑形式、布局与功能上发生了嬗变,且逐渐发展、形成中国特色的建筑形式与功能布局.从佛教精舍的选址、功能、建筑布局上将魏晋南北朝时期的祗园精舍划分为造像石浮屠式精舍、讲法译经式精舍与修行礼佛式精舍.这三种不同类型的佛教精舍的形成与发展其实就是佛教本土化的过程.
Abstract
In the early days when Buddhist shrines were introduced into China,the names,shapes and layouts of Buddhist shrines had not yet been fully finalized.Under the influence and integration with local culture,architectural forms and building materials,Buddhist shrines had changed in architectural form,layout and function,and gradually developed and formed the architectural form and functional layout with Chinese characteristics.From the location,function and architectural layout of the Buddhist temples,this paper divides the Gion temples in the Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasty into the temples of preaching and translating scriptures,the temples of practicing ritual Buddha,and the temples of statues and floating pictures.The formation and development of these three different types of Buddhist temples were actually the process of localization of Buddhism.Therefore,studying the types and forms of Buddhist monasteries in this period can help us to get a better understanding of the gradual evolution of Buddhist monasteries in China.
基金项目
山西大同大学云冈学研究专项课题(2020YGZX080)
万方数据