摘要
柴达木盆地是中国盐湖集中分布区和资源化工产业基地,湖泊快速扩张明显影响着水资源利用、盐湖资源保护和湖区生态环境.文章收集柴达木盆地气象数据和前人研究的盆地内17个典型盐湖面积变化数据,结合报道的青藏高原温度和降水增幅率及冰川物质平衡观测数据,探究柴达木盆地湖泊快速扩张主要影响因素.结果表明:柴达木盆地温度和降水量数据呈现同步增加,但增幅不同且不同位增长的特征,该特征是导致不同空间位置湖泊扩张的影响因素;降水增幅引起的流域水量增补是盆地中东部湖泊快速扩张的主要原因;温度增幅明显引起的冰雪融水补给增加是盆地西部湖泊缓慢扩张的主要原因.
Abstract
The Qaidam Basin is a concentrated distribution area of salt lakes and resource chemical industry base in China,and the rapid expansion of the lakes has obviously affected the utilization of water re-sources,protection of salt lake resources and ecological environment of the lake area.In this paper,we col-lect the meteorological data of the Qaidam Basin and the lake change data of previous studies,as well as the changes the area change data of 17 typical salt lakes in the inflow area of the Qaidam Basin,combined with the reported observation data on the temperature and precipitation increase rate and glacial mass bal-ance of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,to explore the main influencing factors of the rapid expansion of lakes in the Qaidam Basin.The results show that the temperature and precipitation in the Qaidam Basin increased synchronously,but with different increases and different increasing rate,which were different influencing factors for lake expansion in different spatial regions.In detail,terminal lakes in the central-eastern basin,supplied by the hydrological supply of the eastern Kunlun Mountains and the Qilian Mountains,expanded significantly,which mainly affected by increase of water volume in the river catchment caused by the sig-nificant increasing precipitation.By contrast,the terminal lakes in the western basin expanded more slowly,which mainly affected by the increase in ice and snow meltwater replenishment along with signifi-cant increasing temperature.
基金项目
青藏高原综合科学考察专项(第二次)(2019QZKK0805)
青海省创新平台建设专项(2020-ZJ-T06)
中国地调局项目(ZD20220224)
维普
万方数据