Warming and Humidification of Climate on the Northeastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau Over the Past 60 Years:Evidence from Hydroclimatic Records of Delingha
The variation of hydroclimate in the Qaidam Basin has a significant impact on the construction of ecological civilization and development of economic society in this region.In this study,meteorological and hydrological records in Delingha over the past 60 years were analyzed and the results showed that both temperature and precipitation presented a significant upward trend.The warming rate from 1956 to 2022 was 0.45℃/10 a,and the increase rate of precipitation from 1956 to 2018 was 26.6 mm/10 a.Over the past 60 years,winter temperatures had risen the fastest,reaching 0.75℃/10 a;summer precipitation increased the most,up to 17.1 mm/10 a.The average discharge of Delingha hydrological station also showed an obvious increasing trend,with an increase rate of 1.03 m3/s/10 a from 1960 to 2020;the fastest increase rate of 2.89 m3/s/10 a occurred in summer.The average discharge is mainly controlled by precipita-tion,followed by the impact of temperature.The Mann-Kendall test showed that the variation of average discharge had a mutation point in 2009.Although the evaporation from 1973 to 1980 was at a high value,the evaporation from 1956 to 2003 showed a downward trend in general.The average wind speed was probably the main factor affecting evaporation.The moist index(precipitation/evaporation)showed an upward trend,indicating that the climate in Delingha is getting humid over the past 60 years.The rising areas of Gahai Lake,Tuosu Lake,and Qinghai Lake,as well as the increase in vegetation coverage in the Qaidam Basin,further confirm the humidification and warming of the climate on the northeast Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.
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