摘要
柔性硅橡胶弹性体具有生物相容性、电绝缘性、耐水性、耐高低温等特性,在电子、医疗、航空航天等高端领域应用广泛.硅橡胶弹性体是3D打印领域研究最多的高分子材料之一.硅橡胶3D打印主要采用墨水直写或材料挤出、嵌入式固化打印和立体光刻、喷墨打印、粉末床烧结等技术,应用于柔性传感器、康复鞋垫、软机器人、光学透镜、柔性电子等器件的加工制备.但目前还存在打印精度不高、成本贵、打印材料缺乏以及复杂结构难以实现等问题.近年来人们通过开发新型打印技术,以及聚合物分子设计和材料创新,解决硅橡胶打印加工难题,提高3D打印制件的性能,拓展制件应用功能.本文综述了近年来3D打印硅橡胶技术的研究进展.
Abstract
The flexible silicone elastomers have a wide range of applications in high-end fields such as electronics,medical,aerospace,due to their biocompatibility,electrical insulation,water resistance,and high/low temperature resistance.Silicone e-lastomers are one of the most researched polymers in the field of 3D printing.The 3D printing technologies for silicone rubber in-clude ink jet printing,material extrusion,embedded curing printing,stereolithography,powder bed sintering,etc.,which are used for processing and preparation of flexible sensors,rehabilitation insoles,soft robots,optical lenses,flexible electronics,and other devices.However,there are still problems such as low accuracy in printing,expensive,lack of printing materials,and dif-ficulty in printing complex structures.In recent years,researchers have developed the technology of silicone rubber printing,polymer molecular design and materials innovation,improved the performance of 3D printed parts and expanded the applications.This article reviews the research progress of 3D printing of silicone elastomers in recent years.
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