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"致疾"与"治疾"——文言小说中的"恶鸟"与疾病

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在与恶鸟和疾病有关的小说故事中,恶鸟是致使人得病、病发、病重乃至身亡的元凶.其原因不仅在于人们深信恶鸟能伤人精魂,而且这种信仰具有一定的现实基础,如恶鸟多生活于易发疾病的时节和环境,以及本身携带病原的恶鸟在飞翔或停留人家时会通过空气将疾病传染给人类.恶鸟在致人患病的同时也是治病良药,除了恶鸟在一定程度上确能治病强身,古人取象比类的思维以及远古鸱鸮崇拜在人们记忆中残存的恶鸟之神性也是人们尝试以其入药的缘由.
Causing Disease and Curing Disease——Evil Birds and Diseases in Classical Chinese Novels
In the novel stories about evil birds and diseases,evil birds are the culprits that cause people to get sick,get sick,get seriously ill and even die.The reason lies not only in the belief that evil birds can injure souls,but also in some practical basis.For example,evil birds mostly live in the season and environment prone to diseases,and evil birds carrying pathogens themselves will transmit diseases to humans through the air when they fly or stay in people's homes.The evil birds not only cause diseases but also cure diseases.In addition to the fact that the evil birds can cure diseases and strengthen the body to a certain extent,the ancient thinking of comparing birds with elephants and the deity of the evil birds that remained in people's memory were also the reasons why people tried to use them as medicine.

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云南经济管理学院教育学院

恶鸟 致疾 治疾 鸱鸮崇拜

2024

医疗社会史研究

医疗社会史研究

ISSN:
年,卷(期):2024.9(1)