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从宝石到药物:海外异物珊瑚在唐宋时期的新角色

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唐宋时期的医书中大量出现将珊瑚用作药物的记载,可见传统用作美玉(宝石)、象征财富、呈树状的珊瑚在此时还增加了新的角色.对珊瑚药用的认识,在唐宋时期也逐渐深入、多样,其中最主要的用途是医治白内障.宋代从海外输入过段状珊瑚,应该是直接用作药物的.唐宋时期还催生了把海中一种青色的珊瑚树称作青琅玕(原本是一个用作陆上物产的词语)的新现象.从珊瑚由海外输入中国,而中国之外的西方古典时代、印度和伊斯兰文明均将珊瑚用作药物来看,中国将珊瑚用作药物存在受到海外影响的可能.
From Gemstone to Medicine:The New Role of Overseas Unusual Product Coral in the Tang and Song Dynasties
There are numerous records in medical books during the Tang and Song dynasties that coral was used as medicine,indicating that the tree shaped coral with traditional use as a jade(gemstone)which symbolized wealth,had new role at this time.The understanding of coral medicine gradually deepened and diversified during the Tang and Song dynasties,with the most important medicine being the treatment of cataracts.There was a new shape of coral in box,segments instead of tree,imported from overseas during the Song Dynasty.This coral should have been used as medicine directly.During the Tang and Song dynasties,there's a new phenomenon of calling a green coral tree in the sea Qinglanggan(originally a term used for land products).From the perspective of coral being imported into China from overseas,and the fact that ancient Western,Indian,and Islamic civilizations outside of China used coral as medicine,it is possible that China's use of coral as medicine may be influenced by overseas factors.

杨晓春、张平凤

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南京大学民族与边疆研究中心

南京博物院

珊瑚 青琅玕 药物 唐宋

2024

医疗社会史研究

医疗社会史研究

ISSN:
年,卷(期):2024.9(1)