The Research on the Results of HIV Antibody Confirmation Test in a Third-Class Hospital in Xiamen City from 2018 to 2022
Objective To understand the confirmation test results and relevant information of positive patients in the human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)antibody screening test at a third-class hospital in Xiamen from 2018 to 2022,and to provide reference basis for the development of effective prevention and control measures in clinical practice.Methods With the retrospective analysis of the HIV antibody screening test results of the hospital population from 2018 to 2022,and the test results and clinical data of HIV antibody positive patients confirmed by Xiamen Center for Disease Control(CDC)by Western blot method(WB method),the results of HIV screening and confirmation tests were statistically analyzed,and the population and department distribution,WB band distribution,and HIV-1 antibody band pattern of HIV antibody positive samples were statistically analyzed.Results Among the 1323 patients who needed to be sent for confirmation testing,882 were sent for testing.Among them,339 were confirmed to be HIV antibody negative and 466 were positive(465 were WB positive and 1 was nucleic acid RNA positive).Among the 77 uncertain results,5 were confirmed to be positive during follow-up;Among the 441 patients who were not tested,82 have been confirmed to be positive for HIV antibodies in the past.A total of 553 HIV antibody positive patients can be traced,with a positive rate of 41.80%.Among the 466 patients who tested positive for the first time,there was a statistically significant difference in the proportion of males and females(P<0.05);There was a statistically significant difference in the proportion of different ages(P<0.05);The first consultation department of 394 patients was related to internal medicine,and 72 patients were related to surgery.465 cases of positive WB test detected a total of 9 HIV-1 antibody bands and 1 HIV-2 antibody band;The highest detection rates were found in envelope protein antibodies gp160(100.00%),gp120(100.00%),and gp41(99.78%).In addition,12 cases(2.58%)of HIV-2 envelope protein antibody band gp36 were detected.A total of 21 HIV-1 antibody band patterns were detected in 465 WB positive samples,of which 3 patterns contained HIV-2 envelope protein antibody band gp36;The three most common HIV-1 antibody band patterns are HIV-1 antibody full band(148 cases),HIV-1 antibody missing band p55(134 cases),and HIV-1 antibody missing band p55 and p17(102 cases).The total proportion of these three patterns was 82.58%,while other band patterns were relatively rare.Conclusions The positive rate of HIV antibody confirmation test was high,and the first department of positive patients was mainly internal medicine.Medical institutions should pay attention to HIV screening,avoid missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis as much as possible.In addition,occupational protection during invasive medical disposal measures in clinical diagnosis and treatment should be strengthened to reduce occupational exposure.
Human immunodeficiency virusAntibodiesAcquired immunodeficiency syndromeWestern blottingChemiluminescent particle immunoassayGp36
万方数据
维普
