The Analysis of CT Imaging Features in Patients with Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria Lung Disease and Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Objective To analyze and compare the CT imaging features and differences between patients with non-tuberculous mycobacteria lung disease(NTM-LD)and pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB).Methods With the retrospective analysis of the data of NTM-LD and PTB patients admitted to the hospital from 2017 to 2023,92 NTM-LD patients were included in the NTM-LD group,and 92 PTB patients were included in the PTB group.With clinical data and chest CT imaging data of two groups collected,the frequency of CT signs,cavity wall thickness and inner diameter,and the pulmonary lobes involved in cavity and bronchiectasis were analyzed and compared between the two groups.Results The age of NTM-LD group was higher than that of PTB group,and the incidence of wheezing was higher than that of PTB group(P<0.05);In the chest CT findings,the proportion of bronchiectasis,lymph node enlargement,and lymph node calcification in the NTM-LD group was higher than in the PTB group(P<0.05),and the proportion of nodules in the NTM-LD group was lower than in the PTB group(P<0.05);The thickness of the cavity wall in the NTM-LD group was smaller than that in the PTB group(P<0.05);There was no statistically significant difference in the inner diameter of the two groups of cavities(P>0.05);The incidence of bronchiectasis in the right upper lobe,middle lobe,left upper lobe,and tongue lobe of the NTM-LD group was higher than that of the PTB group(P<0.05).Conclusions There are many similarities in clinical manifestations and CT images between non-tuberculous mycobacteria lung disease and pulmonary tuberculosis patients.The appearance of extensive bronchiectasis and multiple thin-walled cavities in both lungs on CT images suggests a higher possibility of non-tuberculous mycobacteria lung disease.
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