Effects of Sowing Date on Grain Yield and Stalk Mechanical Properties of Maize Cultivars with Various Maturation in Northeast China
By using three maize cultivars of early(Xinxin 1),medium(Fumin985)and late(Shenyu 21)maturity stages as test materials,the present study investigated the effects of the treatments of early,medium and late sowing dates on grain yield,stalk mechanical characteristics and lodging rate of maize cultivars with various maturities in 2017-2018.The results showed that the highest grain yield was found from the late maturity cultivars under early sowing condition,by 7.6％and 28.4％increasing compared to the treatments of medium and late sown maize,respec-tively.The early sowing for medium maturity cultivars increased the stalk breaking force(SBF),the 3rd basal inter-node rind penetration strength(RPSTI)and the 4th basal internode rind crushing strength(RCSFI)by 10.0％-24.7％and 15.1％-57.3％compared to the medium and late sowing treatments,respectively.Early sowing of cultivars with late maturity increased the SBF,RPSTI and RCSFI by 27.2％-33.8％and 34.0％-70.7％compared to the medium and late sowing treatments,respectively.With the delay of sowing date,the maximum increase of lodging rate reached 49.2％and 61.2％for medium-and late-maturity cultivars,respectively.The early sowing for medium-and late-maturity cultivars are recommended to improve grain yield and stalk quality after physiological maturity.
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