Study on Germplasm Composition and Spike Traits Breeding of Waxy Maize Varieties in Guangxi
In order to understand the germplasm source and composition of waxy maize varieties in Guangxi over the past 12 years,and to explore the breeding paths of these varieties,an analysis was conducted on 173 waxy maize varieties approved in Guangxi from 2011 to 2022.The results showed that the main germplasm of waxy maize in Guangxi was composed of 11 categories of germplasm,including A(Yishannuo),B(Jingkenuo2000),C(Wan-nuo2000),D(Yanhejin2000),E(Zhongnuo 1),F(Zhongnuo 2),G(Hengbai522),H(Huazhen),I(Huatiannuo179),J(NA population)and K(NB population).The A and B germplasms are basic germplasms of waxy maize varieties in Guangxi.Based on the main germplasm types of parents,after excluding the environmental factors between years,93 varieties could be classified into 15 groups,such as A and B.The correlation analysis of yield and ear traits showed that,overall,the row number per ear,ear diameter and yield and other ear traits showed significant negative effects and no obvious effect respectively.The expression of significantly related trait combinations in groups is af-fected by the germplasm combination and the matching pattern.Generally,the influence of germplasm combinations is stronger,but the group involving F germplasm is the opposite.Therefore,the breeding focus of ear traits should be determined based on the main germplasm types of the parents.
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