Influence of Meteorological Factors on Yield of Summer Maize in Henan Province
Based on the yield data of 841 regional-tested maize varieties from 2011 to 2020,combined with the meteorological data and the occurrence of major diseases over the past decade,this paper analyzed the evolution of meteorological factors and the relationship between meteorological factors and yield and diseases,identifying the key meteorological factors affecting yield in typical low-yield years.The results showed that the average tempera-ture of the summer maize production areas in Henan Province from 2011 to 2020 increased by 1℃ to 1.5℃ com-pared with the past 30 years.Rainfall decreased significantly,the sunshine hours increased gradually.The average unit yield showed a fluctuating increase trend,and the effect of climate on yield increase was gradually reduced.Yield attribution analysis showed that meteorological factors were the main source of yield differences in Henan summer maize,especially in September.Among the meteorological conditions,sunshine hours had the greatest influ-ence on yield fluctuation,followed by rainfall and average temperature.The contribution rates of sunshine hours and rainfall were 28.26％and 16.77％,respectively,which were the limiting meteorological factors affecting yield.Among yield factors,the contribution rates of ear length,1 000-grain weight,density,and grain weight per ear were 16.30％,15.95％,15.36％,and 14.15％,respectively,that significantly affected summer maize yield under the effect of sunshine hours.The contribution rates of curvularia leaf spot,southern rust and gall smut were 28.11％,22.49％and 22.26％,respectively,that significantly affected the yield under the effect of rainfall and sunshine hours.
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