Effects of Tillage Methods and Straw Returning on Soil Physical Properties and Yield of Spring Maize
The aim of this study was to solve the problems of the decline of the soil quality of the plough layer and the rational utilization of maize stalks in the black soil region of Northeast China.A randomized block and large-area experimental design were adopted.Nine treatments were set up:Strip Deep Rotation+Straw Return(SCR),Subsoiling+Straw Return(SSR),Deep Ploughing+Straw Return(DPR),No Tillage+Straw Return(NTR),Strip Deep Rotation(SC),Subsoiling(SS),Deep Ploughing(DP),No Tillage(NT),and Farmers shallow rotation(RT).Under the condition of returning straw to the field,the bulk density of each tillage treatment decreased compared to RT,with the maximum decrease in DPR being 14.96％.SC showed good water storage capacity,which increased by 12.40％compared to RT.However,under straw returning conditions,DPR had the highest soil water storage capaci-ty,which increased by 5.33％compared to RT.DPR was more conducive to pre flowering dry matter accumulation,reaching 15.92 kg/ha,while SSR was conducive to post flowering dry matter accumulation,reaching 29.46 kg/ha.Under straw returning conditions,DPR yield was the highest,followed by SSR,which increased by 12.52％and 11.13％compared to RT,respectively.This study showed that the principal component analysis of soil physical properties and crop biological properties showed that the DPR and SSR scores are high,which could be used as the recommended tillage measures to improve the quality of topsoil and rational utilization of maize straw in the north-east black soil region.
Spring maizeTillageStraw returningSoil physical propertyDry matter
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
