粮食收储制度市场化改革:回顾、反思及启示
Market-oriented Reform of the Grain Storage System:Retrospect,Reflection and Enlightenment
郑怡 1吕开宇 1丁永潮 2朱钰3
作者信息
- 1. 中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所,北京,100081
- 2. 中国社会科学院农村发展研究所,北京,100732
- 3. 中共辽宁省委党校,沈阳,110001
- 折叠
摘要
本文从大豆与玉米联动视角,回顾了新一轮粮食收储制度市场化改革的原因及历程,总结了改革成就与经验教训,并对改革中存在的问题及原因进行分析.基于以上分析发现,粮食收储制度市场化改革主要存在3个问题.首先,国家通过扩大大豆与玉米的生产者补贴差额来保障大豆供给,导致市场运行不畅,价格机制难以发挥调节生产的作用;其次,由于缺乏准确的农业生产决策的信息系统,生产者补贴制度成本高、效率低,部分补贴转化成土地租金;最后,大豆与玉米的国际竞争力偏低,贸易保护空间用尽,大豆与玉米国内外价格倒挂,导致高产量与高进口的矛盾再次出现.基于对大豆与玉米收储制度市场化改革效果以及存在问题的分析和总结,提出进一步深化粮食收储制度市场化改革的启示.
Abstract
The paper retrospects the reasons and history of the new round of market-oriented reform of the grain storage system,summarizes the achievements and lessons learned from the reform,and analyzes the problems and reasons for the reform.Based on the above analysis,it is found that there are three main problems in the market-oriented reform of the grain storage system.First,the state guarantees the supply of soybeans by expanding the pro-ducer subsidy difference between soybeans and corn,resulting in poor market functioning and difficulty for the price mechanism to play its role in regulating production.Secondly,in the absence of an accurate information system for making decisions on agricultural production,the system of producer subsidies is costly and inefficient,and some of the subsidies are converted into land rent.Finally,the international competitiveness of soybean and corn is low,and the space for trade protection has been exhausted,the inversion of domestic and foreign prices of soybeans and corn,resulting in the contradiction between high production and high imports has re-emerged.Based on the analysis and summary of the effectiveness and existing problems of the market-oriented reform of the soybean and corn storage system,this paper proposes insights for further deepening the market-oriented reform of the grain storage system.
关键词
玉米/粮食收储制度/市场化改革/价格机制/政府调控/国际竞争力Key words
Corn/Grain storage system/Market-oriented reform/Price mechanism/Government regulation/In-ternational competitiveness引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据