Appropriate Rate of Efficiency-Enhancing Nitrogen Fertilizers to Achieve High Yield and Environmental Friendliness of Maize in the Black Soil of Jilin Province
A specific-field experiment was conducted in the Jilin Province of Northeast China(Gongzhuling)from 2022 to 2023.Six N fertilizer application rates(0,60,120,180,240,and 300 kg/ha)were set up to study the differences in maize yields,dry matter accumulation,N use efficiency,changes in soil inorganic N content,and ni-trogen balance,using stabilized form urea(SF)as the experimental material and farmers'practices(FP)as the con-trol.The results showed that under the SF condition,maize yield tended to increase with the increase of N fertilizer rate,and reached a plateau when the N fertilizer rate increased to 180 kg/ha,which resulted on an average increase of 3.7％over two years compared with the FP treatment.Nitrogen application significantly increased the dry matter accumulation of maize at each growth stage,while the increase in dry matter accumulation was no longer obvious when N application reached 180 kg/ha.Nitrogen recovery efficiency,agronomic efficiency and partial factor produc-tivity all showed a decreasing trend with the increase in N fertilization rate,which was higher than that of the FP treatment except for the N300 treatment,with increases of 4.7-34.0 percentage points,3.8-12.2 kg/kg and 6.4-115.8 kg/kg,respectively.Compared with the FP treatment,with SP application,the 180 kg/ha treatment significant-ly increased the inorganic N content and significantly reduced the N loss from silking to the maturity stage of maize.
MaizeBlack soil areaEfficiency-enhancing nitrogen fertilizerNitrogen use efficiencyNitrogen balance
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