摘要
拉埃尔·耶吉关于家庭的思考是她的批判理论中非常重要的一个主题,这既是她的生活形式批判的例证之一,又是她个人重新确定家庭本性的尝试.耶吉重新激活并改写的"异化"理论和"生活形式"的理论是她对资本主义实践情景中的家庭做出批判性思考并引导批判理论的当代话语转向的前提.她通过无力且失控的生活、角色行为、内部分裂和冷漠四种范例考察了异化视域下的家庭生活形式本身.耶吉把家庭看作由社会实践的文化秩序生发出来的具象生活形式,以此为基础建构了一种生活形式本体论,阐释家庭何以能成为合适的批判对象,同时可以应用于解决问题的实例.她从问题规范层面的家庭、黑格尔对资产阶级家庭的伦理解释是解决问题的尝试、特定家庭形式问题的规范性失败和家庭问题的内在批判等四个方面就家庭问题做了深入的剖析,从异化的角度出发构建出一种家庭批判观.耶吉的家庭观既在一定程度上误解了黑格尔的家庭观,又有可能陷入把家庭当作私人事务而忘记了马克思主义的本性的危险.
Abstract
Rahel Jaeggi's reflection on the family is a very important theme in her critical theory,which is not only an example of her criticism of life forms,but also her personal attempt to redefine the nature of the family.The theory of"alienation"and the theory of"life forms"that Jaeggi has reactivated and rewritten are the prerequisites for her critical thinking on the family in the context of capitalist practice and guiding the contemporary discourse shift of critical theory.She has examined the form of family life itself from the perspective of alienation through four examples:powerless and uncontrollable life,role behavior,inter-nal division,and indifference.Jaeggi regards the family as a concrete form of life arising from the cultural order of social prac-tice,and based on this,constructs an ontology of life forms,explaining why the family can become a suitable object of criti-cism,and can also be taken as an example to solve problems.She has conducted an in-depth analysis of family issues from four aspects:the normative level of family issues,Hegel's ethical interpretation of the bourgeois family as an attempt to solve problems,the normative failure of specific family forms,and the internal criticism of family problems.From the perspective of alienation,she has constructed a family-centered critical view.Yeggi's criticism of the family not only misunderstands Hegel's view of the family to a certain extent,but may also lead to the danger of treating the family as a private matter and forgetting the nature of Marxism.
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