Characteristics of Stand Structure of Pinus yunnanensis Secondary Forests on the East Slope of Cangshan Mountain
In order to explore the structural characteristics of planted Pinus yunnanensis secondary forests in the eastern slope of Cangshan Mountain,species composition,diameter structure,height distribution,angular scale,size ratio,mixing degree,and density were measured and analyzed.The results revealed that:(1)Rich species diversity with low-level intermixing among tree species but sparse counts of companion species within the Pinus yunnanensis artificial secondary forests.(2)Different diameter classes and height ranges exhibited a left-skewed distribution,in-dicating a tendency towards a normal distribution in tree height within the forest.(3)The mean angular scale of the forest was 0.480 4,indicating an overall random distribution of trees,with trees in a moderate state((U)=0.503 9),showing weak mixing among tree species((M)=0.140 7),and sparse tree density((C)=0.023 6).(4)Angular scale had a certain impact on size ratio,mixing degree,and density.We propose replanting indigenous tree species in open areas to enhance forest gaps,improve light utilization,and promote the evolution towards a climax vegetation phase.These findings provide valuable insights for sustainable management of Pinus yunnanensis artificial secondary forests in the eastern slope of Cangshan Mountain.