日本海权扩张与对英美的两面制衡外交——以1927年 日内瓦会议为中心
Japan's Rise of Sea Power and Two-Fold Counterweight Diplomacy towards Britain and the United States:A Study Centered on the Geneva Conference of 1927
李书剑 1洪邮生1
作者信息
- 1. 南京大学 国际关系研究院,江苏南京 210023
- 折叠
摘要
20世纪20年代后半期,从一战后恢复元气的英国企图"重返太平洋",这造成了英国与美日之间的战略竞争,其中以英美博弈尤为激烈.日本作为相对弱势国,觉察到英美矛盾上升的战略态势,于是在1927年日内瓦会议上趁机采取了制衡英美的外交策略,即在英美结构性矛盾的背景下,在提前修改《五国海军条约》问题上支持美国,而在巡洋舰议题上以斡旋英美矛盾为由提出突破《五国海军条约》的设想.谈判后因英美矛盾无法调和而破裂,日本渔翁得利,可以继续其无限制地建造辅助舰艇.在一战后多极权力转移的国际大变局中,日本在日内瓦会议中利用对手矛盾、两面制衡的外交具有重要影响,它助力了其海权扩张之路.日本海权扩张的暂时性成功与后来侵略战争的彻底失败,表明相对弱势国如果放弃既定的外交策略,而走向四面出击的侵略扩张道路,是注定要失败的.
Abstract
In the second half of the 1920s,Britain,recovering from the First World War,attempted to"return to the Pacific",which caused strategic competition between Britain and the United States and Japan,in which the game between Britain and the United States was particularly fierce.As a rela-tively weak country,Japan was aware of the strategic situation of the rising contradictions between Britain and the United States,so it adopted a diplomatic strategy to check and balance Britain and the United States at the Geneva Conference in 1927.In other words,against the background of the struc-tural contradictions between Britain and the United States,Japan supported the United States on the issue of amending the Five-Power Naval Treaty in advance.On the issue of cruisers,it proposed the i-dea of breaking through the Five-power Naval Treaty on the grounds of mediating the conflict between Britain and the United States.The negotiations broke down due to irreconcilable contradictions be-tween Britain and the United States,and Japan benefited from it and could continue to freely build auxiliary ships.This paper argues that in the dramatic international changes of multi-polar power transition after the First World War,Japan's diplomacy of taking advantage of the contradictions be-tween rivals and balancing two sides in the Geneva Conference had an important impact,which helped its expansion of sea power.The temporary rise of Japan's sea power and the subsequent total failure caused by its aggressive war have proved that if a relatively weak country has abandoned the estab-lished diplomatic strategies and stepped on the road of overall invasion and expansion,it will surely be doomed to failure.
关键词
制衡外交/海权转移/相对弱势国/日内瓦会议Key words
counterweight diplomacy/transition of sea power/relatively weak country/the Geneva Conference引用本文复制引用
基金项目
江苏省社会科学基金重点项目(14LSA002)
出版年
2023
NETL
NSTL
万方数据