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汉字词进入朝鲜语的适应性

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朝鲜语在与汉语的长期接触中吸收了大量借词,形成了今日的汉字词.朝鲜语中,汉字词的使用十分常见,尤其是在一些专业领域.汉字词在朝鲜语中的适应性很强.汉字词之所以能够适应朝鲜语语言环境实现本语化,与其生存发展的生态环境及自身特性有密切关联.在朝鲜语的发展过程中,汉字词的使用有两次大爆发,第一次是约7~15世纪统一新罗时期至朝鲜王朝前期,第二次是1876~1910年开化时期,这两个时期为汉字词的快速发展提供了良好的生存土壤.汉字词的特性有四:一是表达精细、容易理解;二是构词能力强、能产性高;三是竞争力强;四是影响力大,甚至可以影响到语法体系.
Adaptation of Chinese-character Words Introduced to the Korean Language
The Korean language has absorbed a large number of loanwords during its long contact with Chinese,that is,Chinese-character words used today.The use of Chinese-character words in the Korean language is very common,especially in specialized fields.Chinese-character words have very strong adaptability in the Korean language.The fact that Chinese-character words can be adapted to the Korean-speaking environment and become localized is closely related to the ecological environment of their survival and development as well as their own characteristics.There were two major out-breaks in the use of Chinese-character words in the Korean language in the course of development,one from the Unified Silla Period in the seventh century to the early Joseon Dynasty in the fifteenth centu-ry,and the other during the period of Enlightenment from 1876 to 1910.Both provided a favorable environment for the rapid development of Chinese-character words.The Chinese-character words have four characteristics:firstly,they express meanings at a high level of accuracy and are easy to under-stand;secondly,they are productive in word formation;thirdly,they are strong in competitiveness;fourthly,they are quite influential,even in the aspect of the grammatical system.

Korean languageChinese-character wordsadaptationlanguage contactecology

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北京语言大学国际中文学院,北京 100086

朝鲜语 汉字词 适应性 语言接触 生态环境

教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目中央高校基本科研业务费专项北京语言大学院级项目

22JJD74001519YJ010104

2024

云南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
云南师范大学

云南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)

CSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.025
ISSN:1000-5110
年,卷(期):2024.56(3)