The Construction of a Unified Multi-ethnic Country in the Qing Dynasty:A Study Focusing on Craftsmen and Artists in Southern Xinjiang
Since ancient times,Xinjiang has been a place where civilizations from all over the world compete and diverse cultures collide and integrate,forming a unique cultural and artistic style.After the unification of Xinjiang in the period of emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty,batches of Southern Xinjiang Hui people(local residents)with unique skills,including gold and silver craftsmen,jade artisans,painters,weavers,musicians,dancers,and weather prayers were sent from Southern Xinjiang to the capital successively.This paper tries to sort out and study the selection,type,number,employment,management system and living conditions of this group by combing the historical materials such as Manchu-Chinese archives and official documents.The recruitment and reuse of craftsmen and artists of various ethnic groups,including the Hui people in Southern Xinjiang,shaped the multi-ethnic nature of the court culture in the Qing Dynasty,showcasing material and cultural exchanges and ethnic integration in the Qing Dynasty.The artifacts they crafted and their involvement in palace activities vividly demonstrated the formation and development of a unified multi-ethnic country in the Qing Dynasty through cultural symbols.
Qing DynastyThe Construction of Multi-ethnic CountrySouthern XinjiangCraftsman ServiceCraftsmen