In Lao-Tzu's view,legitimacy of a state,if it exists at all,should also come from the natural de-velopment that"Tao begets all things and Te nourishes them".However,all the real states were reactionary to"Tao".Thus,Lao-Tzu put forward a political thought centered on"restoring Te"."Restoring Te"is resto-ring to the era of"Te".In his view,the value of national existence should lie in helping people to be"self-cultivated","self-righteous","self-enriching"and"self-simple".In Lao-Tzu's Utopia,"a small state with few people"is an ideal state form and the small government is an ideal political practice of"restoring Te".In order to turn the Utopia into reality,Lao-Tzu put forward the internal transformation notion in the style of"good deeds,no traces"and the peaceful diplomatic concept in the style of"observing Te through Te".Re-grettably,however,Lao-Tzu also placed the realization of good governance in the hands of sages,and thus failed to break away from the shackles of absolute monarchy.
关键词
老子/道/小国寡民/无为而治/理想国
Key words
Lao-Tzu/Tao/small country with few people/small government/Utopia
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