The Household Registration and Taxation System,Determining Heir and Inheriting Property Deputes in Tümed Mongolian Society in Late Qing Dynasty
The Qing government controlled Mongolian society and accomplished taxation through Hu(户).Hu is the combination of Zhuangding(壮丁)and land.In order to maintain the continuity of taxation,every family must have a Zhuangding to inherit the family property.This made the household registration and taxation system connected with the family inheritance.After the first distribution of property,the family property continued to inherit in the offspring of the original Hu.The family was divided into Men(门)and its property was distributed at the same time.People made contracts to protect this relationship.Due to the rivalry of family members and the snatch of banner officials,the process of determining heir and inheriting property sometimes became a long-term battle.Whenever disputes occurred,the national laws on household registration,taxation and inheritance became the main reliance and narrative strategy for negotiation and competition among different people.
Household registration and taxation systemDetermining heir and inheriting propertyMongolian societyTümedFamily
万方数据
维普
