On the Calligraphy and Painting Collections and Connoisseurship Activities of Zhang Jinchen and His Grandson Zhang Xiaosi in Jingkou
In the late Ming dynasty,Zhang Jinchen of Jingkou owned a very rich collection of paintings and works of calligraphy.Dong Qichang visited his Peifeng Pavilion many times to admire the works there stored,which were later inherited by Zhang Xiaosi.Based on the genealogy of the Zhang family,it has been established that Zhang Xiaosi was in fact Zhang Jinchen's grandson.The Zhang family,renowned for their high moral standards and their reverence for literature and Confucianism,held a prestigious cultural standing in and around Zhenjiang.The famous paintings and works of calligraphy collected by Zhang Jinchen mainly came from Dong Qichang and the progeny of Xiang Yuanbian,and were all passed on to Zhang Xiaosi following his grandfather's death.Zhang Xiaosi was skilled in both painting and calligraphy and exchanged extensively with early Qing literati,calligraphers,and painters such as Da Chongguang and Zha Shibiao.In his later years,the family's collection was gradually dispersed and successively absorbed into the collections of scholars and literati such as Da Chongguang,Wang Yongning,and Liang Qingbiao,before ending up being integrated into the Qing Imperial Palace collections.Zhang Jincheng and Zhang Xiaosi's respective collections and social interactions may be treated as important paradigms of the active calligraphy and painting collecting and connoisseurship activities carried out south of the Yangtze River during the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.Furthermore,these activities also promoted and enabled the rise and prosperous careers of many calligraphers and painters of that time.
Zhang JinchenZhang XiaosiThe Jingkou Zhang familyDong QichangCalligraphy and painting collecting
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