摘要
目的:调查蜂疗的非物质文化遗产项目发展现状和传习特征,提出代表性项目培育、均衡化管理、分类保护的建议,为蜂疗群体的壮大发展提供决策依据.方法:应用网络检索法统计蜂疗非遗项目数量,采用访谈法和问卷调查法深入挖掘蜂疗社群的传习特征.结果:各级别蜂疗非遗项目仅为17个,数量偏少,但分级分类保护特征明显,近五年来整体发展趋势较好.群体中无专业背景或非医专业背景占比较多,但医疗类专技人员比例也较多.蜂疗领域的工作性质分类中,以蜂疗宣传推广、蜂产品生产经营和养蜂群体最多.结论:蜂疗社群兼具民间组织、知识组织和学术协会的三种特性.可依托蜂疗的特殊性确定社群边界、内部分层和群体秩序."养习通医"和"继学开新"是蜂疗社群中两大主要身份和传习特征.
Abstract
Objective:Investigate the current development status and transmission characteristics of intangible cultural heritage projects in bee therapy,propose suggestions for cultivating representative projects,balanced management,and classified protection,and provide decision-making basis for the growth and development of the bee therapy community.Methods:The number of bee therapy intangible cultural heritage projects was counted using online search method,and the transmission characteristics of the bee therapy community were deeply explored through interview and question-naire survey methods.Results:There are only 17 bee therapy intangible cultural heritage projects at different levels,which is relatively small in quantity.However,the classification and protection characteristics are obvious,and the over-all development trend has been good in the past five years.There is a relatively high proportion of individuals in the group with no professional background or non-medical background,but there is also a significant proportion of medical professionals.In the classification of job nature in the field of bee therapy,the most common are bee therapy promotion,bee product production and operation,and beekeeping groups.Conclusion:The bee therapy community has three char-acteristics:civil organizations,knowledge organizations,and academic associations.The uniqueness of bee therapy can be relied upon to determine community boundaries,internal stratification,and group order.The two main identities and transmission characteristics in the bee therapy community are"cultivating and practicing medicine"and"continuing to learn and innovate".
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