Marx's View on the Basic Attribute of Modern Civilization
Given that modern civilization for the first time in history spawned a slew of institutional and technical means for large-scale and rapid material production,bringing predominant improvements for social well-being,lifting people in ever-increasing numbers out of excessive servitude,ameliorating their living conditions and longevity,Marx puts a premium on the historical significance of modern civilization,but he also unmasks its crisis that modern civilization spells disaster of colonial expansion,class and gender oppression,nature exploitation,reification and vulgarity.To keep these detriments at bay,as Marx points out,is to further develop modern civilization—instead of return and restore it—and maximize its potentials.Modern civilization thus denotes a certain kind of universality,in the sense that it must bridges itself to new civilization through the development of productive forces and refinement of productive relations,and in the sense that such new civilization must transcend capitalism.Such universality harbors greater openness and inclusiveness,nurturing a new form of socialist civilization.
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