To better explore the biological flocculation effect on microalgae,the flocculation of P.eryngii mycelium pellets on S.obliquus cells is investigated.The flocculation process is optimized based on single-factor and orthogo-nal experimental designs,then Zeta potentiometry,fluorometric analysis and fourier infrared spectroscopy are se-lected to disclose the mechanisms of fungal bioflocculation on microalgae from the perspectives of electrostatic inter-action,extracellular polymers.The experimental results show that the optimum flocculation process are:pH=3,flocculation temperature 26℃,rotational speed 180 r/min,and initial microalgae absorbance A0=0.6.The floc-culation rate reaches 85.67%under the above conditions,and the impact sequence is initial microalgae absorbance>rotational speed=temperature>time.S.obliquus is flocculated by P.eryngii mycelium pellets mainly through chemisorption,and other factors including electrostatic interaction between the fungal and microalgal cells,extra-cellular polymers such as proteins and humic acids,functional groups of cell surface also perform important func-tion.This study will provide important references for microalgae flocculation by fungi in a green safe way and im-prove the harvesting rate of microalgae.