目的:对新疆紫草野生品与栽培品的质量进行比较研究,包括性状对比和结合化学计量学分析新疆紫草野生品与3个不同地区栽培品的差异性成分.方法:分别采集新疆紫草野生品与栽培品,对其性状进行对比;采用 Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18(100 mm ×2.1 mm,1.7μm)色谱柱,以乙腈-0.05％甲酸水为流动相,检测波长275nm,流速0.2 mL·min-1,对48批野生品和栽培品中的右旋紫草素、乙酰紫草素、β-乙酰氧基异戊酰阿卡宁、异丁酰紫草素、β,β'-二甲基丙烯酰阿卡宁和异戊酰紫草素6个成分进行含量测定,并结合主成分分析(PCA)和正交偏最小二乘-判别分析(OPLS-DA)分析野生品和栽培品中的差异性成分.结果:新疆紫草野生品与栽培品在性状上存在较大差异,建立的含量测定方法线性关系良好,r＞0.999,平均加样回收率93.4％～102.9％,RSD＜3.0％,不同批次新疆紫草中6个成分含量差异较大,其中野生品中右旋紫草素、β-乙酰氧基异戊酰阿卡宁含量均明显高于栽培品,说明野生品与栽培品还存在一定的差异;建立的PCA模型可区分野生品和栽培品,且通过OPLS-DA确定了异丁酰紫草素和β,β'-二甲基丙烯酰阿卡宁是野生品和栽培品中的2个差异性成分.结论:通过对比野生品和栽培品的木心大小、栓皮卷曲程度以及特异性气味,可对二者进行初步鉴别;建立的含量测定方法重复性好,专属性强,稳定可行;确定了新疆紫草野生品与3个不同地区栽培品的差异性成分,为新疆紫草的质量控制提供依据,为扩大紫草药源提供了思路.
Comparative study on the quality of wild and cultivated Arnebiae Radix
Objective:To compare the quality of wild and cultivated Arnebiae Radix,using macroscopic investigation and chemometric analysis of the different components in wild and cultivated Arnebiae Radix from three different hab-itats.Methods:Wild and cultivated Arnebiae Radix were collected and their macroscopic features were compared.Using the ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18(2.1 mm × 100 mm,1.7 μm)column,with acetonitrile-0.05％formic acid water as the mobile phase,the contents of D-shikonin,acetylshikonin,β-acetoxyisovalerylshikonin,isobutyr-ylshikonin,β,β'-dimethylacrylalkannin and isovalerylshikonin in 48 batches of wild and cultivated Arnebiae Radix were determined.The detection wavelength was 275 nm and the flow rate was 0.2 mL·min-1.PC A and OPLS-DA were performed to reveal the differential components of wild and cultivated Arnebiae Radix.Results:There were great differences in macroscopic features of wild and cultivated Arnebiae Radix,and the linear rela-tionship between the contents of six naphthoquinone components was good.The correlation coefficients were above 0.999,the average recovery rates were 93.4％-102.9％,and the RSDs were less than 3.0％.The contents of six components in different batches of wild and cultivated Arnebiae Radix were quite different,and the contents of D-shikonin and acetylshikonin in wild products were significantly higher than those in cultivated products,indicating that there were still certain differences between wild products and cultivated products.The PC A model established could distinguish wild products and cultivars,and two differentiating components in wild products and cultivars were revealed by OPLS-DA,namely isobutyryl shikonin,β,β'-dimethylacrylalkan-nin.Conclusion:By comparing the core size,cork curl degree and specific odor of wild and cultivated prod-ucts,the two can be identified.The established content determination method is repeatable,specific,stable and feasible.The differential components in wild and cultivated Arnebiae Radix in three different regions are identified,which provides a basis for the quality control of Arnebiae Radix and provides ideas for expanding the source of Arnebiae Radix.
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