circRNA:A Novel Molecule that Regulates the Pathological Evolution of Diabetes
Diabetes has become one of the fastest growing global health emergencies in the 21st century.Circular RNA(circRNA)is a kind of long non-coding RNA with a closed ring structure formed by 3'-5'phosphodiester bond.It is highly stable and evolutio-narily conserved,and generally exists in eukaryotic tissues at specific developmental stages.It may affect the progress of diabetes by participating in a series of pathophysiological activities such as islet inflammation,target organ insulin resistance,islet β cell prolife-ration and apoptosis.It can also be used as a biomarker to assist doctors in the early diagnosis and prediction of diabetes,and is expected to become a new therapeutic target for diabetes.At present,although some circRNAs have been revealed to be related to diabetes,the specific mechanisms,pathways,and exact causal relationship of circrnas regulating the occurrence of T2DM need to be further explored.In this review,the discovery,development,structure and function of circRNA are described,and the regulatory role of circRNA in the occurrence and development of diabetes is systematically reviewed around islet β cells and insulin target organs(liver,fat,skeletal muscle),which lays a theoretical basis for metabolic researchers to develop drugs for the treatment of diabetes based on circRNA.
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