Research Progress of Antimicrobial Peptide Discovery Methods
In recent years,the antimicrobial drugs represented by antibiotics are facing great challenges.The increasing population of multi-drug resistant microorganisms limits the application of traditional antibiotics.At the same time,the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance are complex and diverse,and the discovery and production of new antibiotics is time-consuming and expensive,so in addi-tion to the choice of antibiotics as treatment,the development of alternative treatments for antibiotic-resistant infections has become the key to solving the problem.Antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)are a unique and diverse small molecule peptides,because they are the first line of defense of the host's innate defense system against viruses,bacteria and other microorganisms,which can also be called host defense peptides(HDPs).According to the secondary structure,they can be divided into α-spiral peptides,β-folded peptides and random coiled peptides.Antimicrobial peptides are widely derived from plants,animals,and microorganisms.However,the drug-forming substances mainly come from human body,amphibians and microorganisms.Because of its unique mechanism of action,different from antibiotics,it has a wide antibacterial spectrum,is not easy to produce drug resistance,regulate immunity and other characteristics,and has broad application prospects in the treatment of drug-resistant bacterial diseases.The research of antimi-crobial peptides is the focus of antimicrobial drug research at present,and the discovery method of antimicrobial peptides is the key to discover new molecules.The purpose of this paper is to summarize how to find antimicrobial peptide molecules from the metabolites and extracts of organisms,and how to use bioinformatics and biocomputing technology to explore the potential antimicrobial peptide molecules in nature and the application prospects of antimicrobial peptides.Research on the discovery method of antimicrobial peptides can help to find more antimicrobial peptide molecules with high efficiency and low toxicity,provide lead compounds for the development of antimicrobial peptide drugs,and promote the rapid development of antimicrobial peptide drugs.
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