摘要
目的 分析不同年龄的眼外伤住院患者的临床特点.方法 回顾性病例系列研究.收集西安市人民医院2018年1月至2020年4月急诊住院的1 412例眼外伤患者临床资料,按0～＜18岁、18～＜45岁、45～＜60岁、≥60岁4个年龄段进行分组,其中0～＜18岁者219例,18～＜45岁者497例,45～＜60岁者454例,≥60岁者242例.对患者眼外伤类型、致伤原因、受伤场所、受伤时间及受伤等级等临床特征进行分析.结果 0～＜18岁患者中,男性儿童(149例,68.04％)更易在家庭中(135例,61.64％)发生眼外伤,居住在农村者(152例,69.41％)较城市者(67例,30.59％)多,致伤原因以锐器(116例,52.97％)为主.18～＜45岁青壮年男性体力劳动者(436例,87.73％)更易在工作场所(218例,43.86％)发生眼外伤,居住地多为农村(330例,66.40％),致伤原因以锐器(143例,28.77％)为主.45～＜60岁中年男性体力劳动者(376例,82.82％)更易在农耕场所(139例,30.62％)发生眼外伤,居住地多为农村(354例,77.97％),致伤原因以钝器(134例,29.52％)为主.≥60岁老年男性体力劳动者(175例,72.31％)更易在家庭中(117例,48.35％)发生眼外伤,居住地为农村者(193例,79.75％)多,致伤原因以钝器(107例,44.21％)为主.眼外伤在18～＜45岁(497例,35.20％)年龄段发生率高,均为单眼受伤,男性(1 136例,80.45％)较女性(276例,19.55％)多,农村(1 029例,72.88％)体力劳动者(1 048例,74.22％)居多,开放性眼外伤(1 026例,72.66％)的占比高,受伤后的视力等级以4级(光感～0.02)(775例,54.89％)为主,且眼外伤多发生在第4季度(430例,30.45％).不同年龄组患者的受伤眼别及眼外伤发生时间差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05),但性别、居住地、职业性质、眼外伤类型、致伤原因、受伤场所及眼部伤情的差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.001).结论 眼外伤患者以男性青壮年(18～＜45岁)人群为主,农村体力劳动者居多,易在第4季度农忙时节发生眼外伤,多累及单眼,容易造成开放性眼外伤,对视力损害大.
Abstract
Objective To analyze the clinical features of hospitalized patients with ocular injuries in different age groups.Methods This was a retrospective case series study.The clinical data of 1 412 patients with ocular injury who admitted emergently and hospitalized in Xi'an Municipal People's Hospital from Jan.2018 to Apr.2020 were collected.Patients were divided into four groups based on age,including 219 cases in the age group of 0-＜18 years old,497 cases in the age group of 18-＜45 years old,454 cases in the age group of 45-＜60 years old,and 242 cases in the age group of≥60 years old.Clinical characteristics were analyzed,including types,cause,location,time and severity of injury.Results In the age group of 0-＜18 years,male children(149 cases,68.04％)were more prone to ocular injuries in residential households(135 cases,61.64％),and those living in rural areas(152 cases,69.41％)were more common than those living in urban areas(67 cases,30.59％),with sharp objects(116 cases,52.97％)being the main cause of injury.In the age group of 18-＜45 years,young and middle-aged male manual workers(436 cases,87.73％)were more prone to ocular injuries in the workplace(218 cases,43.86％),and most of them resided in rural areas(330 cases,66.40％),with sharp objects(143 cases,28.77％)being the main cause of injury.In the age group of 45-＜60 years,middle-aged male manual laborers(376 cases,82.82％)were more prone to ocular injuries in agricultural fields(139 cases,30.62％),and most of them resided in rural areas(354 cases,77.97％),with blunt instruments(134 cases,29.52％)being the main cause of injury.In the age group of ≥60 years old,elderly male manual workers(175 cases,72.31％)were more prone to ocular injuries in residential households(117 cases,48.35％),and most of them resided in rural areas(193 cases,79.75％),with blunt instruments(107 cases,44.21％)being the main cause of injury.The peak age of ocular injuries was between 18 and 45 years old(497 cases,35.20％),all of which were single ocular injuries,with more males(1 136 cases,80.45％)than females(276 cases,19.55％).Rural(1 029 cases,72.88％)manual workers(1 048 cases,74.22％)were the majority,and the proportion of open ocular trauma(1 026 cases,72.66％)was high.The visual acuity after injury was mainly grade 4,ranged light-0.02(775 cases,54.89％),and ocular injuries mostly occurred in the 4th quarter of the year(430 cases,30.45％).There was no significant difference in the types of ocular injury and the time of ocular injury occurrence among patients of different age groups(all P＞0.05),but there were statistically significant differences in gender,place of residence,occupation,type of ocular injury,cause of injury,location of injury,and severity of ocular injury(all P＜0.001).Conclusion Ocular injuries mainly occur in young and middle-aged men,with rural manual workers being the majority.Ocular injuries are prone to occur during the busy farming season in the 4th quarter of the year,often affecting one eye and causing open eye injuries,which can cause significant visual damage.There are significant differences in the type,severity,cause,and location of eye trauma among hospitalized patients with ocular injury of different age groups.
基金项目
陕西省科技发展计划(2024SF-YBXM-327)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据