Study on the application of 3D printing and mixed reality technology in teaching ultrasound-guided spinal puncture
Objective To evaluate the effects of 3D printing and mixed reality(MR)in teaching ultrasound-guided spinal puncture for scoliosis and to provide new approaches for enhancing educational outcomes in this field.Methods Twenty anesthesiologists with no experience of spine ultrasound were selected from the Department of Anesthesiology at Peking Union Medical College Hospital and received training in ultrasound-guided spinal puncture in March 2024.They were assigned to the MR glasses+3D printing group or 3D printing group,with 10 participants in each group.The trainees in the MR glasses+3D printing group observed the spine model with the HoloLens 2 glasses and then conducted ultrasound-guided spinal puncture on the 3D-printed spine model.The trainees in the 3D printing group directly conducted ultrasound-guided spinal puncture on the 3D-printed spine model.The teaching effects were evaluated with objective puncture indicators(success rate and puncture time)and questionnaire survey.Data were analyzed using the independent samples t-test or chi-square test in SPSS 27.0.Results The puncture time was shorter in the MR glasses+3D printing group compared with the 3D printing group[(165.90±69.91)s vs.(239.30±80.30)s,t=2.18,P=0.043].The success rate of spinal puncture was 90.00%(9/10)in the MR glasses+3D printing group and 80.00%(8/10)in the 3D printing group,with no statistically significant difference(P>0.999).The satisfaction[(4.70±0.48)vs.(4.80±0.42),t=0.49,P=0.628]and recommendation[(4.80±0.42)vs.(4.90±0.32),t=0.60,P=0.556]of the training method showed insignificant differences between the MR glasses+3D printing group and the 3D printing group.Conclusions The combination of 3D printing with MR technology can provide trainees with a safe and repeatable high-fidelity simulation training system for ultrasound-guided spinal puncture.The system can improve the confidence and interest of trainees in ultrasound-guided spinal puncture techniques and enhance training efficiency.This combination demonstrates advantages and potential in training for spinal ultrasound and ultrasound-guided spinal puncture.
3D printingMixed realitySpinal punctureUltrasound guidanceMedical education
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