Analysis of Vaginal Microecological Status in Early Pregnancy
Objective To analyze the changes of vaginal microecology,vaginal infection and its composition in women during early pregnancy.Methods A total of 436 early pregnant women who were treated in the Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Anhui Medical University from September 2021 to May 2022 were selected as the pregnancy group,and 118 normal non-pregnant women who were treated in the outpatient clinic during the same period were selected as the non-pregnancy group.According to age,they were divided into ≥20 years old group,21-30 years old group,31-40 years old group and 41-50 years old group.The vaginal microecological evaluation system was used to evaluate the microecology.The evaluation contents included density,diversity,dominant bacteria,flora inhibition or excessive proliferation of flora,pathogenic microorganisms,Nugent score,AV score,vaginal pH value.Results The proportion of women with gram-positive bacillus(Lactobacillus)as the dominant bacillus,AV score of 0-2 scores and pH value of 3.8-4.5 in the pregnancy group was higher than that in the non-pregnancy group,the proportion of vaginal microecological imbalance and mixed infection was lower than that in the non-pregnancy group,and the detection rate of BV and VVC was higher than that in the non-pregnancy group,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the proportion of vaginal gram-positive bacilli among women of different ages in the pregnancy group(P＞0.05).With the increase of age,there was no significant difference in the diversity and density of vaginal flora,the proportion of gram-positive bacilli,Nugent score,AV score and pH change in the pregnancy group(P＞0.05).There were statistically significant differences in vaginal infection and microecological imbalance among different age groups(P＜0.05).The proportion of vaginal microecological imbalance in the pregnancy group ≤20 years old group was higher than that in the other three groups,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in vaginal infection and microecological imbalance among the 21-30 years old,31-40 years old and 41-50 years old groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion After pregnancy,the body's endocrine and immune systems will change,making the vaginal microecology stable,which is not conducive to the colonization of pathogens and bacteria other than Lactobacillus.Younger pregnancy can lead to an increased rate of vaginal microecological imbalance.
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