Comparison of Nucleic Acid and Four Serological Antibody Detection Methods for Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection in Children
Objective To compare the application value of nucleic acid and four serological antibody detection methods in the diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.Methods A total of 159 children with respiratory tract infection admitted to Zibo First Hospital from November 10 to December 22,2021 were collected.Throat swabs and serum samples were collected respectively.Throat swab samples were detected by PCR for Mycoplasma pneumoniae nucleic acid.Serum samples were detected by chemiluminescence immunoassay method,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,indirect immunofluorescence method and passive agglutination method for Mycoplasma pneumoniae IgM antibody.The sensitivity,specificity and consistency with clinical diagnostic methods of the five detection methods were compared.The consistency between nucleic acid method and serological method was analyzed.The consistency of the four serological antibody detections was compared by particle agglutination method.Finally,the detection rates of the five detection methods were compared among different course of disease.Results With clinical diagnosis as the standard,127 cases of MP infection and 32 cases of non-MP infection were diagnosed.The consistency between DNA detection and clinical diagnosis was good.The sensitivity and specificity of CLIA were higher than those of ELISA.The sensitivity of IFA was good,but the specificity was poor.The sensitivity and specificity of PA depended on the criteria.When the titer of PA antibody ≥1︰160 was the criterion,the detection sensitivity was the lowest and the specificity was the highest.The consistency between the four serological tests and DNA detection was poor,among which the consistency between FA and DNA detection was weak,and the consistency between the other three methods and DNA detection was weak.In PA positive samples with different titers,the detection rates of ELISA and CLIA gradually increased with the increase of PA antibody titers,and the correlation with PA was good,but the correlation between PA and IFA was poor.The detection rate of DNA decreased with the increase of the number of days of onset,and the serological detection rate increased first and then decreased with the increase of the number of days of onset.Conclusion The sensitivity and specificity of nucleic acid method in the detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae are high,the sensitivity is better than that of serological detection in the early stage of the disease,while the indirect immunofluorescence method is better than the nucleic acid method in the middle and later stages of the disease,the two methods can complement each other.